摘 要
恒大足球学校于 2011 年在广东清远成立，建立了全新理念、全新培养模式的亚洲最大足球学校，学校与世界顶级足球俱乐部--西班牙皇家马德里足球俱乐部进行合作，共同对足球青少年后备人才进行培养。这种新的培养模式引起了不少家长和孩子的关注，越来越多的家长将自己的孩子送到恒大足球学校学习足球。
本文采用文献资料法、专家访谈法、数据分析法、问卷调查法等研究方法，以恒大足球学校现状为研究对象，对恒大足球学校青少年后备人才培养现状；恒大足球学校青少年后备人才培养体系；恒大足球学校后备人才培养模式对我国青少年足球后备人才培养的启示，进行深入研究，得出以下结论：
1.通过对恒大足球学校青少年后备人才培养现状的分析，恒大皇马足校的教练员人数配备比较合理，其国内教练员年龄呈现年轻化，文化程度均为本科学历及以上，执教经验结构仍需丰富；恒大足球学校的采用的训练大纲比较先进，训练时间科学合理，训练场地要根据学生的需求不断的进行扩建，冬训情况开展良好；恒大足球学校文化课师资较为雄厚，教师执教经验丰富，文化课课程设置符合中小学课程设置标准，课程开设科学合理，顺应现代教育发展趋势，保证了青少年接受文化基础教育的时间；恒大足球学校仍需加大与各省份的合作交流，扩大薄弱生源省份的招生规模，避免各年龄阶段梯队产生断层。
2.恒大足球学校的青少年后备人才培养体系比传统的培养模式更为科学，培养模式以“文化为根，足球为本，成才为旨”为根本，建立小学，初中、高中、大学一条龙的培养体系。为学生的成才，建立了多种渠道。但与国外先进培养模式相比，仍需完善培训体系，改革选拔机制。通过研究分析，生源保障、教练员能力、训练科学性、文化教育、选拔机制，成为了影响恒大足球学校青少年后备人才培养的主要因素。
3.恒大足球学校与西班牙皇家马德里足球俱乐部在青少年训练方面进行战略合作，主要体现在教练员培训、运动员培训、训练计划、梯队建设、竞赛机制等方面。双方的合作，有利于恒大皇马足球青少年后备人才的发展，让孩子不出国门就能够接受到世界顶级教练员的培养。
4.根据目前恒大足球学校的青少后备人才培养体系，促进我国足球青少年培养的对策主要是：建立多元化的培养合作模式，利于我国足球学校的长期发展；完善青少年后备人才选拔机制，避免有天赋的优秀运动员过早的流失；加强国内教练员培训，提高教练员的业务能力；完善足球后备人才培养的社会保障体系，解决家长和运动员的后顾之忧；加大足校与国外优秀俱乐部在青训培养方面合作的力度；建立足校为中心的放射性网点培养体系。
关键词：足球；后备人才；培养；模式
Abstract
Evergrande football school was founded in 2011 in Qingyuan of Guangdong province,set up with new ideas, new training mode of Asia's biggest soccer schools, school with theworld's top football club real Madrid-Spain, common teenagers about football reserve talenttraining. The new training mode to cause the attention of many parents and children, moreand more parents send their children to Evergrande football school football.
This article uses the literature material method, expert interview method, data analysis,questionnaire survey and other research methods, Evergrande football school as the researchobject, the Evergrande football school teenagers reserve personnel training present situationand the analysis; Evergrande football school teenagers backup talent cultivation system;Evergrande football school reserve personnel training mode of our country juvenile footballreserve talent training, in-depth study, the following conclusions:
1. Through the Evergrande football school teenagers reserve personnel training presentsituation analysis, distraction Evergrande real Madrid coach equipped with a reasonablenumber, its domestic coaches present younger age, cultural degree is bachelor degree andabove, coaching experience structure still need to be rich; Evergrande football school of thetraining program is more advanced, more scientific and reasonable training time, trainingvenues according to students' needs unceasing expansion, winter training situation for good;Evergrande football school literacy class teacher is strong, experienced teachers, academiccurriculum in primary and secondary school curriculum standards, curriculum set upscientific and reasonable, conform to the development trend of modern education, ensure theteenagers accept cultural basis education; Evergrande football schools still need to enhancethe cooperation and communication with the provinces, expand the scale of the enrollment ofweak students provinces, avoid echelon faults and all age groups.
2.Evergrande football school teenagers backup talent cultivation system than thetraditional training mode more scientific, the training mode to “culture as the root, footballand success for the purport” as the basis, establish elementary school, junior high school, highschool, university of dragon culture system. Success for students, set up a variety of channels.But compared with foreign advanced training mode, still need to perfect the training system,reform the selection mechanism. Through research and analysis, the ability of students,coaches, training scientific and cultural education, the selection mechanism, became theEvergrande football school teenagers backup talent cultivation of the main factors.
3. Evergrande real Madrid football club football school and Spain in adolescent trainingfor strategic cooperation, mainly reflected in the coaches and athletes training, training plan,echelon construction, competition mechanism, etc. On both sides of the cooperation,promotes the development of Evergrande real Madrid football teenagers reserve talentedperson, lets the child not abroad will be able to accept the cultivation of the world's topcoaches.
4. According to the current youth of Evergrande football school backup talent cultivationsystem, promoting China's football teenagers to develop countermeasures mainly are:Establish diversified to develop cooperation models, conducive to the long-term developmentof China's soccer schools; Improve the youth talents selection mechanism, avoid the loss oftalented elite athletes prematurely; Strengthen the domestic coaches training, improve theability of the coaches; Perfect the football reserve talent cultivation of the social securitysystem, solve the trouble back at home of parents and athletes; Greater distraction withexcellent foreign clubs in youth training cooperation efforts; To establish distraction as thecenter of radioactive network training system.
Keywords: Football; reserve talent; cultivation; training mode
目 录
1 前言 …… 1
1.1 选题背景 ……1
1.2 研究目的与意义 ……1
1.2.1 研究目的 ……1
1.2.2 研究的意义 ……2
1.3 文献综述 ……2
1.3.1 国外青少年足球后备人才培养现状 ……2
1.3.2 国内青少年后备人才培养现状 ……5
1.3.3 我国足球后备人才培养存在的问题 ……7
2 研究对象与方法…… 9
2.1 研究对象 ……9
2.2 研究方法 ……9
2.2.1 文献资料法 ……9
2.2.2 专家访谈法 ……9
2.2.3 数据分析法 ……9
2.2.4 问卷调查法 ……9
3 结果与分析……11
3.1 恒大足球学校青少年后备人才培养现状与分析……11
3.1.1 恒大足球学校青少年后备人才培养中的教练员现状与分析 ……11
3.1.2 恒大足球学校青少年后备人才培养中的训练现状与分析 ……16
3.1.3 恒大足球学校青少年后备人才培养中的文化教育现状与分 ……20
3.1.4 恒大足球学校青少年后备人才培养中的运动员的现状分析 ……25
3.2 恒大足球学校青少年后备人才培养体系分析 ……30
3.2.1 恒大足球学校青少年后备人才培养体系模式 ……30
3.2.2 皇马足球俱乐部与恒大足校在青少年训练方面的战略合作 ……33
3.2.3 恒大足球学校青少年后备人才培养的影响因素 ……34
3.3 恒大足球学校后备人才培养模式对我国青少年足球后备人才培养的启示……35
3.3.1 建立多元化的培养合作模式 ……36
3.3.2 完善足球青少年后备人才选拔机制 ……36
3.3.3 加强国内教练员的培训，提高教练员的业务能力 ……36
3.3.4 完善足球后备人才培养的社会保障体系 ……36
3.3.5 加大我国足校与国外优秀俱乐部在青训培养方面合作的力度 ……37
3.3.6 建立以足校为中心的放射性网点培养体系 ……37
4 结论 ……39
参考文献 ……41
