摘 要
本文主要从本雅明和波德莱尔的现代性体验入手考察本雅明《发达资本主义时代的抒情诗人》里的一个概念：游荡者。首先，笔者从现代化背景下人们的经验和体验入手探讨本雅明和波德莱尔的现代性体验与人群体验的不同。当肯定性思维占据人们主要的思维方式时，反思与救赎已经成为一个不可能的话题，感性的认识逐步被工具理性取代，理性的生存空间也一再被压缩。在体验和经验的区分中，二者的价值在慢慢发生变化，经验在慢慢失效。本雅明明确的反驳了这种固定不变的、缺乏想象力和阐释效果的经验。
他在广播和报纸的语言中发现了语言面临着的重要困境，这种困境刺激了他关于语言的阐释意义的探索。在波德莱尔那里，本雅明找到了游荡者的生存方式，传统的古典经验在诗人身上开始发生变化，一种冲突与裂缝、异化与分裂的体验在现代化空间的城市背景下展现了出来，而这一典型的体验是游荡者从人群和大众中获取的。游荡者像是一个精神分裂症患者一样，在城市独特的生活场景中存在着。
其次，从本雅明的波德莱尔研究入手，引出波德莱尔与游荡者的紧密联系，探讨游荡者多重意象下的诗人属性：不拥有生产资料、被大众生活遗弃、懒惰、偏执、波西米亚似的生活方式等等，都是游荡者身上典型的特征。这种边缘化预示着一种非理性的生活方式。多数类似无产者的游荡者在低廉的价值冲动面前的表现与游荡者在面对商品的诱惑时是如此的相似。人群是波德莱尔最喜欢的一个去处，也是他最喜欢书写的题材。
人群中的孤独是波德莱尔享乐的圣地。他从人群的孤独中吸取养料，灌溉自己在大城市的土壤中种下的恶之花。在波德莱尔的文章以及本雅明的阐释中可以看到他们两个都是典型的游荡者的化身。
最后，从抒情书的没落中引出异化，游荡者是被异化的另一个群体，对技术的震惊体验和在大众不安的面纱下获得的感知都使他们逐步从人群中分离出来。通过对波德莱尔痛苦的诗学体验的分析，在本雅明的阐释中找到工作、赌博带给波德莱尔的震惊。在这种既分离又联系的体验中感知现代化城市的寓言，现代化体验中的各种现象同时又是城市的语言，游荡者的体验和观看方式为城市的寓言提供一种具有阐释性的观察视角。
关键词：城市空间，游荡者，波德莱尔，诗学体验
ABSTRACT
In this paper, the main experience of a concept to study Walter Benjamin's “A Lyric Poet in the Era ofHigh Capitalism” is from Walter Benjamin and Baudelaire: the Flaneur. First of all, the author is not limitedto the definition of the Flaneur, but starts from the background of the modernization of people's experienceand taste. When the positive thinking is to occupy people's way of thinking, reflection and salvation havebecome an unlikely topic, and Perceptual knowledge is gradually replacing the tool rationality, rationalliving space has been compressed. In the distinction between experience and the taste, the two values arechanging slowly, and the experience is slowly in failure. Walter Benjamin explicitly rejected the experiencewhich is fixed, lack of imagination and interpretation of the results. He finds the dilemma that the languageis facing on the radio and in the newspaper' language, this kind of predicament stimulates his researchabout the interpretation of the meaning of the language. In Baudelaire there, Walter Benjamin found thewanderer's way of life, the conflict and the crack between the information and the traditional experienceexist in the modern space under the background of the city, and the typical taste of Flaneur obtains from thepeople and the public. Flaneur is like a schizophrenic patient, and exists in the unique scenes of city life.
Secondly, starting from the study of Baudelaire Walter Benjamin, the close contact is led between theBaudelaire and Flaneur: the way of life, such as not having production goods, rejection of public life, lazy,paranoid, Bohemia' way of life and so on, which are the typical characteristics of Flaneur. Thismarginalized indicates a non-rational way of life. The majority of the proletariat in the face value ofimpulse low performance is similar with Flaneur in the face of the temptation of goods. The crowd is aplace for Baudelaire's love, and it is also his most loved writing theme. Loneliness in the crowd isBaudelaire' pleasure. He absorbs nourishment from the lonely crowd, irrigating the evil flower under thebig city soil. In Baudelaire' article and Walter Benjamin's interpretation, it can be seen as typical of theFlaneur's avatar.
Finally, Lyric book in decline leads to alienation, the Flaneur is another group of alienation, theshocking experience of technology and uncertainty in the mass under the veil of perception make themgradually separated from the crowd. In the study of modern city space technology and language, and fromthe taste and the truth of art reach that Flaneur `non-rational way of observation is the key of themodernity taste against certain thinking, in the allegorical interpretation holds true. Various phenomena inthe taste of modernization is city language, and it is also the city's fable. The Flaneur` taste and the way ofseeing provide a hermeneutic perspective for the city's fable.
KEY WORDS: urban space, Flaneur, Baudelaire, poetic experience
目 录
摘 要
ABSTRACT
目 录
绪 论
第一章 本雅明、波德莱尔和现代性体验
一、发达资本主义空间的现代性体验
二、从经验的角度看本雅明及波德莱尔的现代性体验
三、本雅明笔下波德莱尔的游荡者的语言模式
第二章 游荡者身上的象征
一、本雅明笔下的波德莱尔以及密谋家
二、波德莱尔及其笔下的游荡者
三、游荡者多重意象下的诗人属性
第三章 作为诗人的波德莱尔的现代性体验
一、抒情诗的没落
二、痛苦的的诗学体验：工作、赌博与英雄主义
三、在体验中把握城市的寓言
结 语
参考文献
后 记
