摘要
儿童教育一直以来是人们比较关注的话题，幼儿教师作为儿童接受社会教育的启蒙导师，身上所承载的使命是不可估量的。现阶段，我国绝大部分的一线幼儿教师都是由中等职业学校培养和输送的，也有少部分来自于高校幼教专业。也就是说，中等职业学校幼师专业的人才培养模式和教育理念直接影响整个幼儿教师队伍的素质，当然也就关乎全社会儿童的启蒙教育。
新中国成立后，中等职业教育也是经历了一个曲折的发展历程，在不断的摸索和实践中，不断改变，不断完善，以适应这飞速发展的社会。中职幼师专业，又名学前教育专业，多年来也一直致力于为社会培养和输送合格的幼儿教师而不懈努力着。
本次论文是就中职幼师专业的简笔画教学展开的思考，从学习简笔画这个角度来研究幼儿教师的培养与教育实践问题。众所周知，儿童绘画能力的培养是儿童美育最直接的手段，这就要求幼儿教师美术教育要从真正意义上适应幼儿教育，培养他们的个性、审美能力、创造能力和合作意识，帮助幼儿初步形成正确的世界观、人生观和价值观。目前，中职幼师专业以学习简笔画作为美术方面教育的主要手段之一，在很长一段时间里，中国幼儿教师职业资格认证考试中，“三笔一画”这一项中的“画”指的就是简笔画。由于简笔画是把生活中复杂的景与物用简单易学又生动有趣的图形概括和表现出来，这种造型特点符合儿童的心里特征和视觉经验，一直是孩子们非常熟悉、非常喜欢的一种绘画方式。但是，经过多年的沉淀和实践，我们发现传统的儿童简笔画教学已经跟不上时代的脚步，幼儿教师能否将儿童简笔画的学习提高一个档次，使之不仅能继续引发儿童的绘画兴趣，同时又能摆脱以往僵化的教育手段，保护儿童的想象力和创造力，这应该是中职幼师专业的简笔画教学所面临的紧迫问题。因此，提高简笔画教学操作的科学性和适用性，意义重大。
此次针对中职幼师专业简笔画教学的研究首先从深挖简笔画的历史起源，以及简笔画的绘画特点入手，结合幼儿心理发展规律，由怎样的简笔画的教学方法是最适合儿童的，进而延伸到中职幼师的简笔画教学。通过先调查简笔画的教学现状，再根据实际情况研究改善对策，最后以烟台一职幼师专业为试点，切实围绕职校教师如何引导学生更好地掌握简笔画的技巧，同时能在学习掌握简笔画技法中培养发现美、创造美的能力，克服传统简笔画教学对想象力，创造力的束缚等问题探讨教学改革方案。
关键词：简笔画，想象力，创造力，幼儿教师，幼儿美术
Abstract
Children education is always a topic of concern, and preschool teacher, as anabecedarian teacher of children who conducts social education for children, carries animmeasurable mission. At the present stage, most of Chinese front-line preschoolteachers are cultivated and provided by secondary vocational schools while a few bythe preschool education major in institutions of higher learning. In other words, thetalent training mode and educational concept adopted by secondary vocational schoolsfor kindergarten teacher cultivation has a direct influence on the quality of the entirepreschool teacher troop, and therefore is related to elementary education for thechildren in the whole society.
Secondary vocational education has undergone a tortuous development coursesince the founding of new China. It is changed and perfected constantly innever-ending grope and practice to adapt to this rapid-developing society. Secondaryvocational kindergarten teacher-training specialty, also known as preschool educationmajor, has been making unremitting efforts to cultivate and provide qualified preschoolteachers for the society over the years.
This paper does research into the problem of preschool teacher training andpractice from the perspective of stick drawing learning based on thinking over stickdrawing teaching for secondary vocational kindergarten teacher-training specialty. Asis known to all, the cultivation of children's painting ability is the most direct meansfor aesthetic education of children, and this requires that preschool teachers shouldconduct an art education which really fits with preschool education, to cultivatepreschool children's personality, aesthetic judgment, creative ability and cooperationconsciousness, and help them initially shape a correct world outlook, outlook on lifeand outlook on value. At present, stick drawing is adopted for secondary vocationalkindergarten teacher-training specialty as one of the major means for art education. Forquite a long time, in the examination for preschool teachers' vocational qualificationauthentication, the drawing in “three writings and one drawing” refers to stick drawing.
Stick drawing has long been a drawing way with which children are very familiar andof which they are very fond since it can help sketch complex landscapes and objects inlife with easy-to-learn, lively and interesting figures, which, as a modelingcharacteristic, fits in with children's psychological characteristics and visualexperience. However, many years of precipitation and practice shows that thetraditional stick drawing teaching for children is already out of step with the times, andthis should be a pressing issue faced by stick drawing teaching for secondaryvocational kindergarten teacher-training specialty as to whether preschool teachers canpush child stick drawing learning to a higher level, so that not only should children'sinterest in drawing be aroused, but the previous rigid means of education should becast off. So, it is of great significance to improving the scientificity and applicability ofstick drawing teaching operating.
The research on stick drawing teaching for secondary vocational kindergartenteacher-training specialty started with deep excavation of the historical origin of stickdrawing and the characteristics of stick drawing. Based upon preschool children'smental development law, the research then extended to the stick drawing teaching forsecondary vocational kindergarten teacher-training specialty by discussing what stickdrawing teaching method was most suitable for children. Through a survey on thecurrent teaching status of stick drawing, a research of improvement measuresaccording to the actual situation, and a pilot study on a vocational kindergartenteacher-training specialty in Yantai, the paper inquired into teaching reform plansaround the problems related to how vocational school teachers could instruct studentsto better master the skills of stick drawing, develop an ability to find and create beautyin the process of learning and mastering the skills of stick drawing, to overcome thetraditional stick drawing teaching's stranglehold on imagination and creativity.
Key Words:Stick Drawing,Imagination,Creativity ,Preschool Teacher,Preschool Drawing
目录
致谢
摘要
Abstract
目录
第一章 绪论
（一）研究内容与意义
（二）研究思路和方法
（三）文献综述及研究创新点
第二章 相关概念与理论基础
（一）简笔画的概述
1、简笔画的概念
2、简笔画的起源和发展
3、儿童简笔画的特点
（二）简笔画与儿童想象力，创造力的关系
1、儿童心理发展规律
2、简笔画与儿童想象力，创造力的关系
（三）中职幼师生应该具备开拓性的思维方式
1、幼儿教师对儿童美术启蒙的根本价值
2、中职幼师生应该具备的美术素养
第三章 针对烟台地区中职幼师专业简笔画的教学现状的调查研究
（一）对烟台第一职业中专幼师专业简笔画教学现状的调查
1、幼师专业学生就业的专业选择情况
2、幼师专业简笔画教学的知识体系
3、幼师专业简笔画教学的课程设置
4、幼师专业简笔画教学的评价方式
（二）对莱阳师范学校幼师专业简笔画教学现状的调查
1、对莱阳师范学校幼师专业学生的问卷调查情况分析
2、对毕业生所在幼儿园的家长的问卷调查情况分析
（三）总结两所学校幼师专业简笔画教学存在的不足
1、简笔画课程的课时安排存在零散且衔接性差的现象
2、简笔画教学模式单一，教师缺乏创新思维
3、简笔画教学重视技能训练，忽略想象力、创造力的培养
第四章 改善幼师专业简笔画教学的对策
（一）针对改善简笔画课时安排、课程内容不合理现象的对策
1、将简笔画的课时化零为整
2、丰富教师的教材体系
（二）针对改善简幼师专业学生想象力、创造力培养的对策
1、以“借形想象”,将学习简笔画的先看再画变为先想再画
2、以“像什么就画什么”,将学习简笔画的单一性变为百花齐放
3、以“米罗可儿”趣味游戏，将学习简笔画的只画不说改为又画又说
第五章 以烟台第一职业中专幼师专业为试点的简笔画教学实验
（一）针对启发学生的想象力和创造力的教学实验
1、在简笔画教学中结合 “米罗可儿”绘画的实验
2、在简笔画教学中运用“蒙太奇”手法的实验
（二）针对健全学生开拓性思维方式的教学实验
1、运用交互式电视电脑一体机尝试新的简笔画教学方法的实验
2、在简笔画教学中引导学生用不同的眼睛欣赏儿童简笔画的实验
3、在简笔画教学中运用“影子变形”启发学生开拓性思维的实验
第六章 总结与展望
（一）总结
1、合理解决简笔画与想象力，创造力之间的矛盾
2、在中职幼师专业加大培养美术素养比重
3、幼师专业美术教师应该拓展思路，大胆尝试新的教学方法
（二）展望
参考文献
