摘要
跨栏跑项目从起源到现如今已经有了 100 多年的历史，跨栏跑是一项以运动节奏、身体协调为基础，速度为核心的一种运动项目，在田径运动项目中属于技术要求非常高，技术动作特别复杂，并且需要运动员全身进行协调配合的一种运动项目。而跨栏跑项目所需要的体能素质中速度素质是这项高难度运动项目中最为重要的身体素质之一，速度素质是所有田径项目运动员学习与掌握其项目的运动技术的前提和基础，也是运动员进行体育训练的基本能力之一。在日常的运动训练中速度素质占得比重相当大，特别是在专业运动队中尤为重要。专业运动员进行的大强度的运动训练中，主要是针对项目中所需的专项素质的训练为重点，进行专项素质训练主要是为了提高运动员的速度素质。
本文以跨栏跑专项体能速度素质及训练方法研究为对象，在大量文献资料与理论分析的基础上，在对研究主题相关人员的访谈交流下，确定本文的研究思路与框架。主要运用对比分析法和逻辑分析法进行归纳与总结，对跨栏跑项目专项体能与速度素质、国内外跨栏跑速度成绩、速度素质在跨栏跑中的表现以及提高跨栏跑速度素质的训练方法等四个方面展开详细的探讨。研究得出结论：（1）速度素质在跨栏跑中多方面体现；（2）跨栏跑运动成绩直接体现速度素质；（3）跨栏跑中速度素质包括多个方面；（4）提高跨栏跑速度素质的训练方法等。在研究内容上提出如下建议：（1）跨栏跑运动选材注重速度素质；（2）跨栏跑运动速度需要全面提高；（3）跨栏跑训练方法考虑系统周全。并针对本文的研究内容和方法对未来研究提出相关建议。寄希望通过本文的研究为跨栏跑运动的体能速度素质及训练方法的理论与实践研究提供可参考的价值。
关键词： 跨栏跑运动；体能；速度素质；训练方法。
Abstract
Hurdles project from origin to today has 100 years of history, hurdles is a based on themovement rhythm, body coordination, speed as the core of a kind of sports, belongs to thetechnical requirement in the track and field sports is very high, particularly complex technicalaction, and need to athletes body carries on the coordination of a sport. Speed quality is one ofthe most important physical qualities required by the hurdle race. Speed quality is the premiseand foundation for all track and field athletes to learn and master the sports technology oftheir sports. It is also one of the basic abilities for athletes to carry out sports training. In dailysports training, speed quality takes up a large proportion, especially in professional sportsteams. In the high-intensity sports training carried out by professional athletes, the training ismainly focused on the special quality required in the project, and the special quality training ismainly to improve the speed quality of athletes.
This paper takes the research on the physical speed quality and training method of thehurdle race as the object. On the basis of a large amount of literature and theoretical analysis,the research idea and framework of this paper is determined after the interview andcommunication with relevant personnel of the research subject. This paper mainly usedcomparative analysis method and logical analysis method to sum up and summarize, andcarried out a detailed discussion on four aspects, including specific physical ability and speedquality, domestic and foreign hurdling performance, speed quality performance in hurdlingand training methods to improve hurdling speed quality. The research concludes :(1) speedquality is reflected in various aspects in hurdling; (2) the performance of hurdling directlyreflects the speed quality; (3) speed quality in hurdling includes many aspects; (4) trainingmethods to improve the speed quality of hurdling. The following Suggestions are put forwardin the research content :(1) hurdling selection focuses on speed quality; (2) the speed ofhurdling should be improved comprehensively; (3) the training method of hurdling takes thesystem into consideration. Some Suggestions for future research are proposed based on theresearch contents and methods of this paper. It is hoped that the study in this paper canprovide reference value for the research on the physical speed quality and training methods ofhurdling.
Keywords: hurdling, physical fitness, speed quality,training methods
目录
中文摘要
Abstract
1 前 言
1.1 选题依据·
1.2 研究意义·
1.2.1 理论意义
1.2.2 实践意义
2 国内外研究现状与相关名词释义
2.1 研究综述·
2.1.1 跨栏运动发展有关研究综述
2.1.2 跨栏跑体能有关研究综述
2.1.3 跨栏跑速度素质有关研究综述
2.1.4 跨栏跑速度素质训练方法有关研究综述
2.2 名词释义·
2.2.1 跨栏跑
2.2.2 专项体能·
2.2.3 速度素质·
3 研究对象与方法
3.1 研究对象
3.2 研究方法
3.2.1 文献资料法·
3.2.2 访谈法·
3.2.3 对比分析法·
3.2.4 逻辑分析法·
4 研究内容分析与讨论
4.1 跨栏跑项目专项体能与速度素质分析
4.1.1 跨栏跑运动员的身体形态特征
4.1.2 跨栏跑运动员的体能素质
4.1.3 跨栏跑运动的速度因素
4.2 国内外跨栏跑速度成绩分析
4.2.1 国际男子 110 米栏优秀运动员世界记录
4.2.2 我国男子 110 米栏速度成绩分析
4.2.3 我国 110 米栏运动员与世界优秀运动员平跑速度对比分析
4.2.4 影响我国男子 110 米栏运动成绩因素的分析
4.3 速度素质在跨栏跑中的表现
4.3.1 跨栏跑中摆动腿的动作速度
4.3.2 跨栏跑中腾空过栏的速度
4.3.3 起跨腿蹬地速度以及起跨腾空后“剪绞”速度
4.3.4 栏间跑的速度节奏与过栏技术的衔接
4.4 跨栏跑项目中平跑速度的训练方法
4.5 跨栏跑项目中专项速度训练方法
4.5.1 提高运动员栏间跑节奏的训练方法
4.5.2 跨栏步技术动作的练习方法
4.6 跨栏跑运动中速度素质的力量训练
4.7 跨栏跑速度素质训练的其他方面
5 研究结论
6 参考文献
