摘 要
商业健康保险通过商业运作以保险的形式对被保险人因健康问题导致的损失给予补偿，是我国医疗保障体系的重要组成部分，在社会基本医疗保障的基础上为居民提供更高层次的健康保障。现在民众对自身的健康重视度提高，但由于环境污染和食品安全等问题健康风险提高，商业健康保险的重要性突显出来。现阶段我国商业健康保险的发展近况为：市场规模快速成长，经营主体数量迅速增加，商业健康保险保费收入以较快增长率持续增长，从2000 年的 65.5 亿元增长到 2012 年的 862.7 亿元，年平均增长速度达到了23.97%.但同时商业健康保险存在着的保险深度低、保险密度小、赔付率较高、产品创新不足等问题。因此，本文以商业健康保险为研究对象，通过理论分析和实证分析对其影响因素进行了研究。希望为商业健康保险市场的经营主体和市场监督者的政策制定提供理论依据，从而有助于商业保险市场的成长和运行。对于强化社会保障，推动我国健康保险发展的具有一定的现实意义与参考价值。
本文以商业健康保险需求及其影响因素为研究对象，文章分为五个章节：
第一章对从商业健康保险相关概念及理论的介绍入手，梳理比较了商业健康保险的需求理论，主要包括有效需求理论、马斯洛健康需求理论、激励理论、道德风险理论、行为经济学理论。
第二章对我国商业健康保险行业和保险公司的发展现状进行研究，采用了对比分析法，对商业健康保险市场的需求总量、保险深度、保险密度等进行分析，同时分析了我国商业健康保险发展过程中的不足。
第三章在理论基础上对我国商业健康保险需求的影响因素及其影响作用机制进行分析，居民收入水平、社会医疗保障情况、医疗费用负担情况、居民的风险意识和保险意识、老年人负担以及背景风险等都是影响商业健康保险需求的因素。
第四章则运用相关的统计学方法对我国商业健康保险需求进行实证分析，整理了 1999-2012 年的相关数据，构建自然对数多元线性回归模型形成我国商业健康保险需求函数，以期更全面的分析影响商业健康保险需求的因素。
第五章结合本文理论分析及其实证结果，对我国商业健康保险市场的发展提出了相关建议，以期为我国商业健康保险产品开发和营销提供一定的理论支持，同时为相关政策部门提供参考性的政策建议。
关键词：商业健康保险； 需求影响因素； 理论分析； 实证研究
Abstract
Commercial health insurance companies compensate for the insured losseswhich are caused by health problems through business operations. Commercialhealth insurance is an important part of the medical insurance system in China.
It provides residents with a higher level of health care on the basis of the socialbasic medical insurance.
Now people pay more and more attention to their health. But health risksincrease because of environmental pollution and food safety issues. And thecommercial health insurance becomes more and more important. Commercialhealth insurance in China is developing rapidly in recent years. The size of themarket grows fast and the number of the Commercial health insurance companyhas increased rapidly. Commercial health insurance premium income continues togrow at an annual growth rate of 23.97%, from 6.55 billion yuan in 2000 to 86.27billion yuan in 2012. In the meantime, there are many problems in Chinesecommercial health insurance, like the low depth and density of commercial healthinsurance, high insurance loss ratio and the shortage of product innovation.
Therefore, in this paper, the commercial health insurance is the researchobject, we research on the influencing factors through theoretical analysis andempirical analysis. We hope the research can provide theoretical basis for thecommercial health insurance market operators and the market supervisors' policymaking. And it will helpful for growth and operation of commercial healthinsurance market. It has a certain practical significance and reference value onstrengthening the social security and promoting the development of healthinsurance in our country.
The paper research the influencing factors of commercial health insurancedemand, and it comprises five chapters:
The first chapter introduces commercial health insurance related conceptsand theories. Commercial health insurance demand theories are introduced alsowhich includes effective demand theory, Maslow's health demand theory,incentive theory, moral hazard theory and behavioral economics theory.
The second chapter studies the current situation of the commercial healthinsurance industry and insurance companies in China by the comparative analysis.It analyzes the commercial health insurance market demand quantity, theinsurance depth and density. It also analyzes the problems during the developmentprocess of commercial health insurance in china.
The third chapter uses the qualitative analysis about the influencing factorsof the commercial health insurance demand in China and the effect mechanism onthe basis of the theory. These influencing factors include the income level ofresidents, social medical insurance, medical expense burden, the riskconsciousness and awareness of insurance, senior citizen burden as well as thebackground risk.
The fourth chapter uses relatively statistical method to analyze thecommercial health insurance demand in China. It organizes the related data from1999 to 2012.And this chapter estimates the demand function of commercialhealth insurance in China by building the natural logarithm multiple linearregression model to obtain the factors which impacts the requirements ofcommercial health insurance.
The fifth chapter puts forward related suggestions for the development ofChina's commercial health insurance market, combined with theoretical analysisand empirical results. This chapter provides certain theoretical support for China'scommercial health insurance product development and marketing. At the sametime,it also provides policy recommendations for relevant government.
Key words: Commercial health insurance; Influential factors of demand;Theoretical analysis; Empirical research
目 录
0 前言
0.1 研究背景及意义
0.2 国内外研究现状
0.2.1 国外研究综述
0.2.2 国内研究综述
0.3 研究思路和方法
0.3.1 研究思路
0.3.2 研究方法
0.4 创新点及不足之处
1 商业健康保险相关理论基础
1.1 商业健康保险相关概念
1.1.1 商业健康保险的含义及分类
1.1.2 商业健康保险在社会医疗保障体系中的作用
1.2 商业健康保险需求的理论分析
1.2.1 商业健康保险有效需求
1.2.2 马斯洛健康需求思想
1.2.3 激励理论
1.2.4 道德风险理论
1.2.5 行为经济学理论
2 我国商业健康保险发展现状
2.1 商业健康险保费市场规模发展缓慢
2.2 商业健康保险发展水平较低
2.2.1 保险密度小，保险深度低
2.2.2 保险赔付率高
2.3 商业健康保险的发展空间较大
2.4 商业健康保险公司专业化水平日渐提高
2.5 保险产品创新不足
3 商业健康保险需求影响因素分析
3.1 居民收入水平
3.2 社会医疗保障情况
3.3 医疗费用负担情况
3.4 居民风险意识和保险意识
3.5 老年人负担
3.6 背景风险
4 我国商业健康保险需求影响因素的实证研究
4.1 相关指标的选取和样本数据的采集
4.2 商业健康保险需求的实证分析
4.2.1 初步的模型建立及参数回归的结果
4.2.2 对初步回归模型的修正
4.2.3 修正模型的检验
4.3 回归结果分析
5 对我国商业健康保险市场健康发展的相关建议
5.1 提高居民对商业健康保险的认识
5.2 商业健康保险公司的发展对策
5.2.1 把握社会医疗保障体制改革方向
5.2.2 发挥商业健康保险的补充作用
5.2.3 提高商业健康保险产品的开发能力
5.2.4 商业健康保险公司专业化发展
5.2.5 建立保险公司与医疗机构合作机制
5.3 优化政府部门职能
5.3.1 积极的财政和税收手段
5.3.2 优化法治环境
参考文献
致谢
