摘 要
“民以食为天，地以农为本”,耕地直接为农民提供 40%-60%的经济收入和60%-80%的生活必需品，充沛的耕地资源可以解决公民的粮食供给，也是国家经济发展和社会安定有序的后备保障。我国是人均耕地水平较低的国家，耕地利用率不高、农业技术不发达，加之近几年城镇化、工业化、农村土地流转的兴起，农村耕地保护越来越成为农村土地问题的关键。在现行的集体土地流转过程中，存在着乱占、乱用耕地、毁损基本农田的现象，耕地“非农化”问题尤其严重，这些问题说明农村土地流转不但需要有序引导和合理监管，更需要有一套透明、公正、合理的法律制度来规制。
本文的正文分为四个部分，第一部分界定了耕地非农化的概念，梳理了我国各个时期的法律法规、政策中对有关耕地非农化的具体规定，同时介绍了我国耕地非农化的现状、表现形式与所存在的问题；第二部分列举出我国现行法律规制耕地非农化的的不足之处，并对法律规制耕地非农化提出了理论上的支撑与思考，运用了稀缺性原理、所有制理论、公权力与私权利博弈论以及多元的土地价值观理论；第三部分介绍了域外以法律规制耕地非农化的经验。归纳了他们对耕地保护的立法理念、执法措施与法规监管的先进之处，总结出共性，并总结出我国可借鉴之处；第四部分主要介绍遏制耕地非农化的法律制度研究，分别从立法层面、执法层面、司法层面、耕地保护法律意识层面来探讨创设我国耕地非农化法律规制的特色法律制度体系。
本文的创新之处是把耕地非农化作为一个有针对性的法律课题进行专门探究，以经济学、法学相关原理对耕地非农化的法律规制提供理论上的支撑。总结出土地所有制不同的域外地区在法律规制耕地非农化上的共性，列举出我国可借鉴之处。
关键词：耕地非农化，耕地保护，土地流转，法律规制
Abstract
Food and land-base agriculture , arable land is not only an important means ofproduction, but also is the basis for human survival and development. Cultivateddirectly to farmers by 40% -60% of income and 60% -80% of the necessities of life. Ifmaintain a sufficient number of cultivated land resources, directly related to a country'sfood security and social stability. Our country is a low level of per capita arable land ofthe country, the use not of high quality arable land , agricultural technology is notdeveloped, In recent years, urbanization、industrialization、the rise of Rural LandCirculation, rural farmland protection is increasingly becoming the key to rural landissues. Existing farmland protection system 、 farmland Property System 、 landAcquisition System, There are many flaws in the system design, especially farmlandprotection system, In the current collective land transfer process, The existence ofunlawful appropriation, indiscriminate use of arable land, basic farmland damagedphenomenon, The arable land non-agricultural is particularly problematic, theseproblems illustrate not only need for an orderly transfer of rural land regulatoryguidance and reasonable, but need to have a transparent, fair, and reasonable legalsystem to regulate.
Text of this article is divided into four parts,the first part defines the concept ofCultivated Land Conversion,combing the laws and regulations of each period, policiesregarding specific provisions of Cultivated Land Conversion,and it introduced theFarmland Conversion of the status quo, manifestations and problems that exist. Thesecond part include China's current legal regulation Farmland Conversion deficiencies,It should be made legal regulation Farmland Conversion,and the legal regulationFarmland Conversion proposed theoretical support and Reflection, using the scarcityprinciple, theory of ownership, public power and private rights of game theory and thetheory of pluralistic land values. The third part introduces the extraterritorial lawregulating the practice of Cultivated Land Conversion, Cited relevant experience in theUnited States, Japan and Taiwan of China, Summed up their farmland protectionlegislation concepts, advanced between law enforcement measures and regulatorysupervision, Summarize its commonness, And described the country can learn from thepoint.The forth part focuses on Farmland Conversion Legal System of containment,Respectively, from the legislative level, the level of law enforcement, judicial level, thelevel of awareness of the legal protection of farmland to create depth of FarmlandConversion feature of legal regulation legal system.
The innovation is the conversion of cultivated land as a legal issue targetedspecialized inquiry, In economics, law related to the principle of Cultivated LandConversion of legal regulation to provide theoretical support, Summed up the landtenure system in different regions outside of commonality in legal regulation FarmlandConversion, Include our country can learn from.
Key Words: non-agricultural,cultivated land protection,land circulation,legal regulation
目 录
引 言
一、耕地非农化概述
（一）耕地与耕地非农化
（二）耕地非农化的现状
（三）耕地非农化的危害
二、法律规制耕地非农化的法理分析
（一）法律法规规制耕地非农化规定的不足
（二）法律规制耕地非农化的理论分析
三、域外农地保护法律制度
（一）美国、日本与我国台湾的农地保护概况
（二）域外农地保护法律规制的共性
（三）域外农地保护法律制度对我国的启示
四、遏制耕地非农化的法律对策分析
（一）完善耕地保障立法、构建相关法律体系
（二）依法确立刚性的惩罚和监督办法
（三）拓展耕地非农化纠纷的司法解决渠道
（四）增强耕地保护意识，转变土地保护观念
结 语
参考文献
致谢
