摘要
近年来，随着一系列重大动物疫情应急处理法律法规及预案的出台，湖南省从省级到地方的应急组织体系逐步建立，应急管理制度逐步完善。特别是猪瘟、高致病性蓝耳病、口蹄疫等疫情的有效控制为重大动物疫病应急管理积累了丰富的实践经验，湖南省重大动物疫病应急管理水平获得很大的提高，已经初步建立了应急和预防并重，非常态和常态相结合的工作机制。但是，通过对近年来一些重大动物疫情的发生，也凸显出我省重大动物疫情应急管理一定的问题。
本课题以应急管理理论为基础，通过文献研究、问卷调查、实地调研、对比分析等多种研究方法，围绕湖南省重大动物疫情应急管理理论与实践问题进行深入探讨，系统地研究湖南省重大动物疫情应急管理的现状、存在的问题与原因，湖南省动物疫情应急管理存在以下几个问题，一是存在应急准备不足；二是监测预警环节机制不健全；三是应急处置存在漏洞；四是应急恢复机制未完善和落实等；导致应急准备环节薄弱的主要原因是应急意识不强，应急机构不健全；应急资源储备不足；应急预案、制度制定不完善；应急经费长效机制不健全；应急意识不强；导致应急监测预警环节薄弱的原因有监测报告机制不完善；疫情信息共享机制不顺畅；疫情信息缺乏科学分析途径等；导致应急处置环节薄弱的原因为应急演练偏少；导致应急恢复难的原因有应急储备金制度缺失；扑杀政策制定还不够合理；重建、心理干预机制未建立等；在借鉴美国、加拿大、澳大利亚等发达国家在重大动物疫情应急管理经验的基础上，本文提出了以下建议：一是强化应急准备，主要体现为深化重大动物疫情应急管理体制改革，优化应急资源储备机制，加强制度建设等；二是完善预警预报机制，主要体现为健全信息收集和报告体系，加快疫情监测平台建设；完善财政保障机制；三是强化应急演练，主要体现为完善预案的编制；加强应急培训与演练工作；四是完善应急恢复机制，主要体现为完善扑杀补贴政策；严格落实奖惩机制。
关键词：应急管理；动物疫情；湖南省。
Abstract .
In recent years, with a series of major animal epidemic emergency handling laws andregulations and plans, in hunan province from the provincial level to the local emergencyorganization system gradually establish and gradually per fect the emergency management system.
Especially swine fever, highly pathogenic blue -ear disease, to effectively control the outbreak offoot-and-mouth disease, such as a major animal epidemic emergency management hasaccumulated rich practical experience, major animal epidemic emergency management level ofhunan province get the very big enhancement, has preliminarily established the emergency andprevention, the combination of abnormal and normal work mechanism. However, through theoccurrence of some major animal epidemic in recent years, it also highlights the problem ofemergency management of major animal epidemic in our province.
This topic on the basis of emergency management theory, through literature research,questionnaire survey, field investigat ion, comparative analysis and other research methods,around major animal epidemic emergency management theory and practice problem in hunanprovince, in-depth studies are systematically studies the status quo of major animal epidemicemergency management in hunan province, the existence question and reason, animal epidemicemergency management in hunan province is the following several problems, one is theemergency preparedness deficiencies; Second, the monitoring and early warning link mechanismis not sound; Third, there are loopholes in emergency disposal; Fourth, the emergency recoverymechanism has not been improved and implemented; The main reason for the weakness of theemergency preparedness link is that the emergency awareness is not strong and th e emergencymechanism is not sound. Insufficient resources for emergency resources; Inadequate emergencyplan and system; The long-term mechanism of emergency funds is not sound; Lack of emergencyawareness; The mechanism of monitoring report is not perfec t. The information sharingmechanism is not smooth; Lack of scientific analysis method for epidemic information; Thereason for the weakness of the emergency management is the lack of emergency drill. The causeof the emergency recovery is lack of emergenc y reserve system; The policy of culling is notreasonable enough; The mechanism of reconstruction and psychological intervention was notestablished.
In reference to the United States, Canada, Australia and other developed countries on thebasis of major animal epidemic emergency management experience, this paper puts forward thefollowing Suggestions: one is to strengthen the emergency preparedness, mainly embodied in thedeepening of major animal epidemic emergency management system reform, optimize theemergency resources reserve mechanism, strengthen the system construction, etc.; The second isto improve the early-warning and forecasting mechanism, which is mainly reflected in improvingthe information collection and reporting system and accelerating th e construction of epidemicmonitoring platform. Improving the financial security mechanism; The third is to strengthen theemergency drill, mainly reflected in the preparation of the plan; Strengthening emergencytraining and training; The fourth is to imp rove the emergency recovery mechanism, which ismainly reflected in the improvement of the subsidy policy. We will strictly implement the rewardand punishment mechanism.
Key words: Emergency management; Major Animal Epidemic Emergency ;Hunan Province.
目 录
学位论文原创性声明和学位论文版权使用授权书
摘要
Abstract
插图索引
附表索引
第1章绪论
1.1选题背景
1.2选题意义
1.3国内外研究现状综述
1.3.1国内相关领域研究现状综述
1.3.2国外相关领域研究现状综述
1.4理论研究基础
1.4.1应急管理理论
1.4.2重大动物疫情应急管理
1. _5研究内容与研究方法
1._5.1研究内容
1._5.2研究方法
1.6可能的创新点
第2章湖南省重大动物疫情应急管理现状分析
2.1湖南省的动物疫情应急管理的发展历程
2.1.1起步阶段（2003年之前）
2.1.2发展阶段（2003-2008年）
2.1.3规范建设阶段（2008年以后）
2.2湖南省重大动物疫情应急管理的现状
2.2.1应急准备
2.2.2监测预警
2.2.3应急处置
2.2.4应急恢复
2.3湖南省重大动物疫情应急管理存在的问题
2.2.1应急准备不足
2.2.2监测预警环节机制不健全
2.2.3应急处置存在漏洞
2.2.4应急恢复机制未完善和落实
第3章湖南省重大动物疫情应急管理原因分析
3.1应急准备不足原因分析
3.1.1应急意识不强
3.1.2应急机构不健全
3.1.3应急资源储备不足
3.1.4应急预案、制度制定不完善
3.1.5应急经费长效机制不健全
3.2监测预警环节机制不健全
3.2.1监测报告机制不完善
3.2.2疫情信息共享机制不顺畅
3.2.3疫情信息缺乏科学分析途径
3.3应急演练存在薄弱环节
3.4应急恢复机制未完善和落实
3.4.1应急储备金制度缺失
3.4.2扑杀政策制定还不够合理
3.4.3重建、心理干预机制未建立
第4章国内外的经验及启示
4.1应急准备充分
4.1.1应急管理的组织机构比较健全
4.1.2应急预案的制定较为详细科学
4.1.3经费和物资储备充足
4.1.4疫情危机意识强，宣传力度大
4.2预警预报制度完善
4.2.1重视应急指挥信息化建设
4.2.2动物疫病追溯体系日趋完善
4.3赔偿制度实施合理可行
第5章加弓靳口改进湖南省重大动物疫情应急誉里白勺对策建议.
5.1强化应急准备
5.1.1深化重大动物疫情应急管理体制改革
5.1.2优化应急资源储备机制
5.1.3完善财政保障机制
5.1.4加强制度建设
5 .1. _5强化疫情的风险管理意识教育
