十八大以来中国行政审批体制改革问题探究

　　
　　改革开放揭开了中国改革的序幕，在经济体制改革的同时，也开始了以解决权力过分集中、以党代政、党政不分为关键和核心的政治体制改革。作为政治体制改革的重要组成部分，中国的行政体制改革在中国的改革事业中，占据着重要的地位，被喻为“联结政治体制改革和经济体制改革的一个重要”双料“工程”.作为行政体制改革全面深化的突破口的行政审批制度改革，也一直被放在了改革的突出位置。
　　
　　纵观持续 30 多年的行政审批制度改革，可以清晰的看到，初期的改革主要是在大的改革背景下，基于中央向地方放权及政府内部机构变动的影响下进行的调整，是政府行政体制改革的衍生品；以 2001 年为开端，行政审批制度改革进入了中央部署、地方联动的新阶段，改革力度明显加强；与以往相比，十八大以来的行政审批制度改革以简政放权为理念，并遵循放管结合、优化服务的原则，通过“三管齐下”,取得了显着的成绩。如审批项目的大幅度削减，权力清单制度的建立，审批权的集中、规范等。且改革的方式已经由单纯削减数目向与制度创新相结合转变。但在取得成绩的同时，我们依旧感知到问题的存在，如审批项目的削减、审批流程的优化及审批权力的下放，却未带来真正的简政放权；监管体系的不完善与政府服务的不到位，在不断的抵消改革的成效。
　　
　　本文在回顾我国行政审批制度改革历程的基础上，对十八大以来行政审批制度改革的理念、内容、取得的成效，存在的问题及原因进行着重分析。并针对改革中存在的主要问题及原因，从放、管、服的角度，提出未来的行政审批制度改革中，要持续推进简政放权、加强监管体系建设，并通过搭建更大范围的信息共享平台以优化政府服务。
　　
　　关键词：行政审批、政府职能、简政放权、权力清单。
　　 　　
　　Reform and opening prelude to China's reform, economic reform, but also began toaddress the excessive concentration of power, the party on behalf of the government, theparty and government is not critical and is divided into the core of the political system.As an important part of political reform, China's administrative system reform in thecause of reform in China, occupies an important position, has been hailed as “animportant link political reform and economic reform” double “project.” Reform ofadministrative examination and approval system as an administrative reform to deepenthe breach, also has been placed in a prominent position reforms.
　　
　　Throughout the 30 years of continuous reform of the administrative examinationand approval system, we can clearly see that the reform is mainly to adjust early in thelarger context of reform, decentralization based on the central government to localchanges and the impact of internal institutions, government administrative systemderivatives reform; in 2001 as the beginning of the reform of administrativeexamination and approval system into the central deployment, a new stage of locallinkage, reform significantly strengthened; compared with the past, the administrativeexamination and approval system reform to eighteen since decentralization isphilosophy, and follow the principle of combining the discharge tube, optimizationservices, through the “three-pronged”, has achieved remarkable results. Such as slashingapproval of the project, the establishment of a list of power system, the right of approvalof concentration norms. And by the way the reform has been to simply reduce thenumber of system innovation combined with the transition. But in the achievements, westill perceive problems, such as the approval of the project reductions, optimization anddelegated approval authority of the approval process, but did not bring a realdecentralization; imperfect regulatory system and government services not in place, theeffectiveness of the ongoing reform of the offset.
　　
　　Based on the review of administrative approval system reform process on the basisof the concept of administrative examination and approval system, content, resultsachieved, the problems and the reasons for its conduct analyzes the eighteen. And themain problems existing in the reform and the reasons, from the discharge tube, servicepoint of view, for administrative examination and approval system reform in the future,to continue to promote decentralization, strengthen the supervision system, and bybuilding a wider range of information sharing platform to optimize governmentservices.
　　
　　Keywords: administrative approval, government functions and decentralization, power.
　　 　　
　　导论。
　　
　　一、选题背景与研究意义。　
　　二、国内外研究现状。　
　　三、研究思路与研究方法。
　　
　　第一章 行政审批的概念界定及类型划分。
　　
　　一、行政审批的概念界定。　　
　　二、行政审批的分类。
　　
　　第二章 我国行政审批制度的改革历程。
　　
　　一、改革开放之前的行政审批制度。　
　　二、改革开放至十八大以前的行政审批制度改革。　
　　三、十八大以来的行政审批制度改革。
　　
　　第三章 十八大以来行政审批制度改革的理念与实践。
　　
　　一、十八大以来行政审批制度改革的理念。　　
　　二、十八大以来行政审批制度改革的实践。
　　
　　第四章 对进一步推进行政审批制度改革的几点思考。
　　
　　一、持续推进简政放权。　
　　二、加强监管体系建设。　
　　三、优化政府服务。
　　
　　结论。　
　　参考文献。