摘 要
我国的环境责任保险起步较晚，相关的法律和制度不健全，但国外环境污染责任保险已经发展相当长的时间，法律制度趋于完善，在对国际上环境责任保险制度发展比较成熟国家的经验进行介绍的基础上，针对我国目前环境污染责任保险业务发展的现状、问题，以及目前开发的环境责任保险产品的情况，开展比较研究，具体分析我国环境污染责任保险制度的发展策略，并提出产品的建议和意见。本文试着通过分析国外的保险模式，进行比较与综合，建立一个适合中国实际情况的模式，并进行可行性研究。例如，美国建立的环境污染责任保险参保制度，我国可以效仿，因为中国的环境责任保险刚刚起步，承保的企业比较少，甚至达不到大数法则的要求，商业保险公司不愿开此险种，即使达到大数法则，也不能获得预期的利益，所以政府可以建立一个专门的机构进行承保[1].
另一方面，本文从我国第一次试图实施强制保险的发展经验，得出进一步完善我国环境污染责任保险制度的结论。利用我国强制投保的模式、强有力的监督以及政府的管理，建立了道路交通事故社会救助基金，更好地保护受害者，建立信息共享平台，实现了机动车辆保险，以及其他信息的透明度。
本论文共分五部分，第一章是本文的绪论，里面叙述了研究环境责任保险的背景意义，介绍国内外的文献综述，论文的主要内容和方法，以及本文的创新与不足；第二章是本文的案例介绍，着重介绍了本文的案例--康菲漏油事件的始末，以及政府、保险公司以及企业在环境污染中扮演的角色和起到的作用；第三章是案例分析，主要内容为康菲漏油事件处理过程折射出我国的环境责任保险发展中出现的问题，并分析出现问题的原因；第四部分介绍了各国环境责任保险的发展模式，以及对我国的借鉴意义；最后一部分针对环境责任保险中出现的问题提出相关的建议。
关键词：康菲漏油事件 环境污染 强制责任保险
ABSTRACT
Environmental pollution liability insurance in our country starts late, the relatedlaws and institutions are not completed, but the overseas environmental pollutionliability insurance has been a long time.The international environment liabilityinsurance systems are introduced on the basis of mature countries, according to thepresent situation of environmental pollution liability insurance in our country, and thedevelopment of environmental liability insurance products, to carry out thecomparative study of the specific analysis of the development strategy ofenvironmental pollution liability insurance system in China, and put forward thesuggestions and comments of the products. This article try to analyze the foreigninsurance mode, comparing and synthesis, establish a model for China's actualsituation, and a feasibility study. The United States, for example, set up a specialcoverage of environmental pollution liability insurance agency, could be followed inour country, because the environmental pollution liability insurance in our country hasjust started, the insurance enterprise is relatively small, even can not reach therequirements of the law of large numbers, commercial insurance companies don't wantto open this danger to plant, also cannot obtain the expected benefits, so thegovernment can set up a special agencies to accept insurance[2].
On the other hand, this paper tries to enforce is planted for the first time in ourcountry development experience, it is concluded that further perfect the system ofenvironmental pollution liability insurance in our country. Insurance in our countryadopt mandatory insurance model, through the supervision of the traffic administrativedepartment of the government vigorously, build the road traffic accident socialassistance fund in order to better protect the interests of the victim and set upinformation platform to realize the information sharing of motor vehicle insurance, beor get out of danger[3].
This thesis is divided into five parts, the first chapter is the introduction of thisarticle, it gives the background of the study of environmental liability insurance,introduces the domestic and foreign literature review, the main content of the thesisand methods, as well as the innovation and deficiency of this article; The secondchapter is the case- Conocophillips oil spill, and the role of the government, insurancecompany and enterprise in the pollution of the environment ; The third chapter is acase study, the Conocophillips oil spill process reflects the problems arising from thedevelopment of environmental liability insurance in China, analyses the reason of theproblems; The fourth part introduces the development of the national environmentalliability insurance mode, as well as the significance for our country; The last part isenvironmental liability insurance problems arising from the relevant Suggestions areput forward.
Key Words:Conocophillips oil spill Environmental pollutionCompulsory liability insurance
目 录
摘要…… III
ABSTRACT……II
绪论…… 1
0.1 研究背景与意义…… 1
0.2 文献综述…… 3
0.2.1 国外研究现状综述…… 3
0.2.2 国内研究现状综述…… 4
0.3 内容与方法…… 5
0.3.1 制度经济学方法…… 5
0.3.2 比较研究方法…… 6
0.3.3 案例分析与规范分析相结合的方法…… 6
0.4 创新与不足…… 7
1 案例介绍 康菲漏油事件始末…… 9
2 案例分析……11
2.1 我国环境污染责任保险存在的问题……11
2.1.1 环境责任法规制度尚不健全……11
2.1.2 环境污染责任保险的模式选择尚未确定……11
2.1.3 环境污染责任保险业务发展所需配套的基础体系不成熟…… 12
2.2 环境污染责任保险在我国发展缓慢的原因…… 12
2.2.1 缺乏法律保障…… 12
2.2.2 环境污染赔偿责任不明确…… 13
2.2.3 局部试点缺乏国家政策和资金的支持…… 13
2.2.4 费率厘定缺乏标准…… 13
3 国外环境污染责任保险的发展情况…… 15
3.1 美国…… 15
3.2 德国…… 16
3.3 法国…… 16
3.4 英国…… 17
3.5 国外环境污染责任保险模式对我国的借鉴…… 17
4 政策建议…… 19
4.1 加强环境污染责任保险方面的立法…… 19
4.2 合理选择环境责任保险的经营机构…… 19
4.3 环境责任保险新渠道…… 20
4.4 逐步推行强制环境责任保险制度…… 20
4.5 完善环境侵权损害评价体系和评价方法…… 21
4.5.1 设立环境损害赔偿评估机构…… 21
4.5.2 研究并规范环境损害评价体系和评估方法…… 21
总结…… 22
参考文献…… 23
致谢…… 25
