《左传》中女性的传统美德探究（古代文学论文）

　　
　　《左传》是先秦时期一部以记录历史人物和事件的，内容较为真切翔实的历史散文。它不仅以其记录的历史和微言大义的笔法深深影响着后世的史传文学，更因为其比较真实地反映了春秋时期社会的面貌和人物风采而影响着中华民族的文化传承。本文就以《左传》女性所具有的传统美德为研究对象，在前人的研究成果上，从文化、历史的角度分析春秋时代女性在礼乐宗法下令人感慨的命运，对个别女性的行为、选择予以分析，以求能够探查她们行为背后的思想端倪，以窥探春秋时代女性的真实面貌。而研究春秋时代女性的生活，是对《左传》女性研究内容的丰富，探察春秋时代女性在礼乐制度下的义务、责任与承担，也能够为当下的女性提供一定的历史经验，对我们回顾灿烂的文明，传承优秀传统，为当下女性提供参照，让现今女性在争取自由和权利的同时，对当下的社会风气有所思考，鼓励女性加强自我品性的修持。
　　
　　全文共分为五部分，由绪言、正文和结语组成。绪言部分阐述了笔者论文的目的，在于走出学习西方背叛传统的激进思想，反思传统文化，其意义在于能够给当今的我们提供优秀的历史参照。
　　
　　第一章从春秋时期女性生活的社会背景入手，又分三个小节分别粗浅讨论了当时的伦理意识、当时社会对女性身份的界定、春秋时期世人在面对政权下移的诸侯混战的局面时，由于政治环境的变化而引起的男女两性对女性规约的变化的态度问题。
　　
　　第二章则举例分析《左传》各式各样的女性，从柔嘉为则，敬顺之道；孝悌之义，忠孝合一；淑慎其身，宜室宜家；静柔处下，以柔克刚；谁谓荼苦，其甘如荠五个小节，分别论述具有柔善美好性格，内含敬顺品质的女性；以孝事亲，以忠爱国的大义女性；贤淑审慎维持家庭的女性；虽身处弱势地位，但依然能以自己的才智和柔韧坚持左右命运或时局的女性；即使知道自己处于男性话语控制权的统治之下，但依然向往自由，因此做出或对或错的选择的女性。从这些女性的在面对自己生活中遇到的事件所做出的反映和选择分析她们内心的观念和追求。
　　
　　第三章分析了《左传》女性对后世的道德审美的影响，尤其是女性被赋予的宜室宜家、孝亲爱国等有意义的审美为重要审美标准。对后世文学形象的影响则以从孟姜女故事原型和一些文学形象所具有的春秋女性的内涵为着眼点进行分析。对后世女性教育则从德行、话语、仪态、生活技能教育等几个方面进行了论述。
　　
　　结语部分总结全文宗旨，女性在周礼的有限约束下，以其独特的个人魅力色彩，向我们展示了她们生活中强烈的生命脉动，证明她们并不是被历史湮没，深埋于地底的一个人群，她们是运用自己有限的生命空间展示个性的历史创造者。
　　
　　关键词 左传，女性，美德，自我
　　
　　“Zuo Zhuan”（The Spring and Autumn Annals） is a full and accuratehistorical essay to record historical events and characters in the pre-qinperiod. The record of the history and the brushwork of sublime word'swith deep meaning in this book is not only deeply influenced thehistorical biography literature,but also influences the Cultural inheritanceof the chinese nation's, because it can reflect the social presence and thestyle of characters in the Spring and Autumn period. In this paper,it takesthe traditional virtues of women of “Zuo Zhuan” as the research object.
　　
　　On the results of previous studies, the article analyse the sentimental fateof the spring and Autumn period women under the patriarchal clansystem of rites and music from cultural and historical point of view inorder to explore the clue of thought behind their behaviors and todiscover their true face.The research on women's life in the Spring andAutumn period can develop the research contents of women of “ZuoZhuan ”. It can also provide certain historical experience for thecontemporay women by probing the obligation and responsibility offemale in that time under the ritual system. This research can provide areference for contemporary women by review the splendid civilizationand inheritance of traditions. It leads the modern female to seek the rightsand freedom meanwhile it encourages women to improve themselvesthrough the social morality.
　　
　　This paper has five parts, including of introduction, text andconclusionThe introduction expounds the purpose of this thesis. Its purpose isto let us out of the Western radical ideas that betray the tradition andreflection on traditional culture. Its significance is to provide excellenthistorical reference for today's usThe first chapter is divided into three sections to discuss startingfrom the social background of women's life. The first aspect is to discussthe ethical consciousness on that time.The second is to discuss thedefinition of women's identity in that society. The last aspect is to discussthe attitudes of men and women to the change of women's conventionsdue to the change of political environment that lords melee Era in theSpring and Autumn periodThe second chapter is divided into five sections to analyzes everykind of women of “Zuo Zhuan”. The first section discusses the femalewho has the quality of respection and obedience and the beautiful andgentle disposition. The second section discusses the female who filialparents and patriotic loyalty. The third section discusses the virtuousfemale who maintain family carefully. The fourth section discusses thefemale who still able to use their own intelligence and flexibility to affectfate or politics although in a weak position. The fifth section discusses awoman who makes a choice of right or wrong, even if she konws that sheis under the control of male discourse. From the choice and the reflectionwhen these women in the face of their lives, the chapter analysis of theirinner ideas and pursuits.
　　
　　The three chapter analyzes the influence of the later generation'smoral aesthetic by the women of “Zuo Zhuan”. Especially it analyzessome important aesthetic standard that woman should be make aharmonious and orderly home,meanwile should be filial and patriotic.
　　
　　The influence on the later literary image is analyzed from the perspectiveof the Spring and Autumn period of Meng Jiangnv's stories and someliterary images. The education of women in later generations is discussedfrom the aspects of virtue, discourse, deportment and life skills education.
　　
　　The conclusion summarizes the purpose of the theis. Under thelimited constraints of Zhou rites, the women in the Spring and Autumnperiod showed their strong pulse of life with their unique charm. It isproved that they are not a group of people who are deeply buried in thebottom of the earth, and they are the creators of history with their limitedlife space。

      KEY WORDS Zuozhuan, female, virtue, self