中文摘要
我国人口年龄结构的变化，说明随着中国经济社会快速发展，人民生活水平和医疗卫生保健事业的巨大改善，生育率持续保持较低水平，老龄化进程逐步加快。世界上多数国家和地区都对老龄人口的体质状况及发展趋势给予了极大的关注，政府职能部门投入大量的人力物力开展研究工作，并将研究的结果作为政府部门制定相关政策的客观依据。本研究综合分析了 2003 年至 2012 年 10 年间苏州市 60-69 岁老年人体质健康的监测数据，旨在探讨苏州市老年人体质健康的变化规律，为有效掌握老年人在体质健康方面存在的问题，制定科学的老年人健身计划，提高老年人健康水平，增加健康老龄人口比例提供有价值的参考，研究结果将作为政府部门制定相关政策的客观依据。
本研究选择了 2003-2012 年 10 年间的苏州市区 60-69 岁老年人为研究对象，采用文献资料和实验测量以及数理统计等方法，对苏州市老年人的体质特征、身高、体重 、肺活量、握力、坐位体前屈、选择反应时、闭眼单脚站立等指标进行了综合分析。结果表明：（1）苏州市老年人体质测试指标中身体形态、机能和素质三类指标，基本处于全国正常水平范围内，城乡之间差异不明显，2003 年至 2012 年间的各项指标虽有所改善，但未见有明显的变化规律；（2）苏州市老年人体质综合评级和体质达标率的人群分布比率呈现合格>良好>优秀>不合格的变化趋势；（3）苏州市老年人超重和肥胖率处于较高水平，男性超重和肥胖检出率均高于女性，但男女超重率和肥胖率 10 年间的变化趋势不明显。
关键词：苏州；老年人；体质状况。
Abstract
With the rapid development of economic and society, great changes happened in theage structure of China's population, people's living standard and medical health care have agreat improvement, the birth rate remains low, the aging process gradually accelerate.
Most of the countries and regions all over the world focus closely on the health of agingpopulation status and development trend, functional departments of the governmentinvested a lot of manpower and material resources to carry out research work, found theobjective basis and the results of the study as part of the government to formulaterelevant policies. In this study, we comprehensively analyse the physique monitoring dataof Suzhou 60-69 years old people in 2003 to 2012, investigate the physical change rules ofhealth, to effectively master the elderly exists in physical health problems, make scientificelderly fitness plan, improve the health level of the elderly people, provide the valuablereference on increasing aged population proportion, found the objective based on theresearch results for the government departments to formulate relevant policies.
We research 60-69 years older people in 2003-2012, use literature data、experimentalmeasurements and mathematical statistics method, comprehensive analyse the indexes ofphysical characteristics、height,weight、vital capacity、handgrip strength、body anteflexionin sitting position、choice reaction time、eyes closed、standing on one footand of elderpeople in Suzhou.
Results: （1） The indexes of body shape、function and quality of aged people in Suzhouwas virtually a normal range, there is not found obvious difference and obvious changerules between urban and rural areas whether the indicators during 2003 -2012 has beenimproved. （2） The Suzhou City senior citizen physique comprehensive rating andphysicalstandard rate of population distribution ratio presents good>better>excellentquality trend. （3） There is higher level of overweight and obesity of elder people in Suzhou,The overweight and obesity ratio of male is higher than that of female, but the change ofrate trend is not obvious in this ten years.
Keywords: Suzhou; elderly people; physical condition
目 录
1 序 言……1
1.1 选题依据 ……1
1.2 文献综述 ……2
1.2.1 基本概念……2
1.2.2 国民体质监测的研究现状……3
2 研究对象与方法…… 11
2.1 研究对象 …… 11
2.2 研究方法 …… 11
2.2.1 文献资料法…… 11
2.2.2 体质测试…… 11
2.2.3 数据统计处理……12
3 研究结果与分析……13
3.1 身体形态的结果与分析 ……13
3.1.1 身高的结果与分析……13
3.1.2 体重的结果与分析……14
3.1.3 身体质量指数（BMI）的结果与分析 ……15
3.2 身体素质的结果与分析 ……16
3.2.1 坐位体前屈的结果与分析……16
3.2.2 握力的结果与分析……17
3.2.3 选择性反应时的结果与分析……18
3.2.4 闭眼单脚站立的结果与分析……18
3.3 身体机能的结果与分析 ……20
3.3.1 肺活量的结果与分析……20
3.4 老年人体质健康水平的结果与分析 ……21
3.4.1 老年人体质的综合评级结果与分析……21
3.4.2 老年人超重与肥胖结果与分析……22
4 结论与建议……25
4.1 结论 ……256
4.2 建议 ……256
参考文献……26
致 谢……39
