文明戏的主题变化特点探讨

　　中 文 摘 要
　　
　　文明戏属于中国的早期话剧，时间跨越二十世纪初至“五四”新文化运动前夕，由于种种原因，文明戏由盛转衰，甚至与部分低劣旧剧混为一体。在性质、内容、形式上，文明戏有别于我国传统戏剧，而且区别较大，特别是在反映现实生活上具有较强的现实性，同时也在一定程度上突破了传统戏剧形式，是我国戏剧艺术史上的一种崭新开拓。文明戏为我国现代话剧的发展做出了巨大贡献，深入研究我国早期话剧中文明戏的主题，正确评价它的历史地位和价值，具有十分重要的意义。
　　
　　本文以主题研究为切入点，对文明戏的主题演变形态、主题变化原因和影响这三个方面进行了系统的研究。力求从主题思想内容视角察知大众文学发生和发展的一些规律。
　　
　　第一部分按照创始期、兴盛发展期和衰落期这三个阶段论述文明戏主题的演变轨迹。通过对文明戏多个主题的概括来透视那一时期的社会思想形态，对产生于文化变革时代的主题变化规律进行反思。
　　
　　第二部分主要探究文明戏主题演变的内、外部原因。通过客观剖析致使文明戏内部熔炼且迎合外部需求的多元因素，正视文明戏由兴盛至衰落的根本原因。
　　
　　第三部分着眼于文明戏主题演变对于中国话剧乃至社会文化的历史影响。后期出现的多种戏剧形式或多或少都带着一些文明戏的影子，可以认为文明戏与后期戏剧形式都有一定的亲缘关系。
　　
　　本文以文明戏的主题演变为切入点，对文明戏主题演变的表现、影响因素以及后世影响做全方位的探讨，力图构建一个以主题演变为核心的文明戏认知视角。
　　
　　关键词：文明戏，主题，演变

　　
　　ABSTRACT
　　
　　“The Civilization Drama” belongs in the early stage of modern Chinesespoken drama. Its time range spanned from the beginning of the twentiethcentury to the eve of the 4th New Culture Movement. For a variety of reasons,the Civilization Drama by fill turn decline, even been blended in with somepoor quality old drama.
　　
　　The Civilization Drama differs from Chinese traditional opera from itsnature, content and form point of view. It had profound practical significanceby reflecting real life. Meanwhile, the Civilization Drama, in a manner, hadbroken through traditional dramatic form. It was a brand new development inart history of Chinese drama.
　　
　　The Civilization Drama made tremendous contributions to Chinesemodern drama. It is very important to explore the theme of the CivilizationDrama in the early stage of modern Chinese spoken drama in depth, as well asto accurately assess its true value and historical position.
　　
　　In this dissertation, to research on the theme of the Civilization Drama is thesticking point. Systematic research was done on three phases: formalevaluation of the theme, reasons of changing theme and their influences. Thepurpose is to observe a pattern of the occurrence and development of thepopular literature from the perspective of its theme and content.
　　
　　The first part of the paper discusses the evaluation of the theme of theCivilization Drama, according to its founding, developing and decliningperiods. This part grasps the essence of certain forms of social thoughtsduring that society period, by summarizing themes of the Civilization Drama.
　　
　　On the other hand, this part profoundly rethinks the theme change preceded inCultural Revolution era.
　　
　　The main concept of the second part of this paper is to explore theinternal and external cause of theme change of the Civilization Drama.
　　
　　According to the Objective analysis on the internal fusion and the multiplefactors of catering to external needs, this part aims to face up to the primarycause of the whole developing process, from prosperity to decline phase, ofthe Civilization Drama.
　　
　　The third part of the paper focuses on the historical influences that themechange of the Civilization Drama brought, with regard to modern Chinesespoken drama, even to social culture. At the late stage, various forms of dramaappear with some natures of the Civilization Drama. It is reasonable tobelieve that there is a kinship between the Civilization Drama and the laterforms of drama.
　　
　　This paper introduces thesis change of the modern drama as a startingpoint, discusses all aspects of the performance, influential factors and impactson later generations of the modern drama. The aim is to construct a cognitiveperspective based on thesis change of the modern drama as the core theme.
　　
　　KEYWORDS: The Civilization Drama, theme,evolve


　　目 录
　　
　　引 言
　　
　　（一）文明戏主题演变研究缘起
　　
　　（二）本文主要研究内容
　　
　　（三）本文的研究方法
　　
　　（四）本研究的重点和难点
　　
　　（五）文明戏主题演变相关研究现状
　　
　　一、文明戏主题演变轨迹
　　
　　（一）创始期文明戏主题表现
　　
　　（二）兴盛发展时期的文明戏主题
　　
　　（三）衰落时期文明戏的主题
　　
　　二、文明戏主题演变的原因探析
　　
　　（一）文明戏主题演变的内部因素
　　
　　（二）文明剧主题演变的外部因素
　　
　　三、文明戏主题的历史影响
　　
　　（一）对戏剧发展方向的影响
　　
　　（二）对影视题材的影响
　　
　　结 语
　　
　　参考文献
　　
　　致 谢