市场经济发展初期，大量农村剩余劳动力涌入城市务工。他们接受新鲜事物的能力比较强，能够很快的融入到城市生活之中。但是，由于种种原因，他们归根到底还是要回到农村，在城市文化和农村文化认同过程中，便存在着显现或者隐形的冲突，导致他们对自我身份定位的迷茫，极大的影响社会的和谐发展。
本文以对湖北省巴东县沿渡河镇 A 村返乡务工人员基本情况的调查为基础，结合学界对返乡务工人员的研究成果，由点到面，阐释了研究返乡务工人员城乡文化认同的重要意义。
本文通过对返乡务工人员、文化认同、城乡文化概念的界定和内涵的阐释，以案例分析的方式从城乡物质文化、社会文化及精神文化等方面的差异阐述返乡务工人员对城乡文化认同上的差异，并分类举例分析说明原因。
本文从城市、农村和务工人员三个层面尝试提出自己的解决思路。在城市层面，要统筹考虑城乡社会建设，缩小城乡差距；增进城乡群体之间交流互动，增强城市对务工人员的包容；增强务工人员子女对城市文化的认同。在农村层面，要保障农民的土地权益；因地制宜发展经济，增加就业；加强培训，提升农民综合素质；对于返乡务工人员个人来说，在外界的帮助下，要转变思想、调整心态，主动适应城乡文化的转换。
关键词：务工人员 城乡文化 文化认同
AbstractDuring the early development of China’s market economy, a large number of surpluslabors in rural areas swarmed into cities to make a living. They learn new things quicklyand are able to fast integrate themselves into an urban life, though they have to return towhere they come from due to various reasons. They go through manifest or invisibleconflicts in cultural identification when shifting between rural culture and urban culture,leading to their bewilderedness in self-identification. This gravely affects the harmoniousdevelopment of the society.
This paper elucidates the importance of studying back-home migrant workers’
identification with urban culture and rural culture. It’s based on the investigation reportson the basic conditions of the back-home migrant works at Village A of Yanduhe Town,Badong County, Hubei Province, People’s Republic of China. It also draws upon availableresearch findings on back-home migrant workers.
To start with, it defines and clarifies the connotations of “back-home migrant worker”,“cultural identification” and “urban culture and rural culture”. Then, it sheds light on thedisparities between back-home migrant workers’ identification with urban culture andtheir identification with rural culture via case study from three aspects: material culture,social culture and spiritual culture. Furthermore, examples from these three aspects aregiven for analysis and validation.
This paper presents solutions for this problem from three perspectives: urban areas,rural areas and migrant workers. As for urban areas, the government should take intoconsideration both urban development and rural development, and take measures to bridgethe urban-rural gap, to promote exchange and interactions between urban people andmigrant workers, and to increase the cities’ acceptance and forgiveness towards migrantworkers, as well as to spur up the identification of children of migrant workers with urbanculture. As for rural areas: land rights of farmers should be secured; economy should bedeveloped with local conditions to boost employment; skill training programs should becarried out to enhance the overall qualities of farmers. As for back-home migrant workers,they should adjust their mind to the situation with external help, thus actively adapting tothe shift from urban culture to rural culture.
Keywords: Migrant Workers，Urban Culture and Rural Culture，CulturalIdentification
目 录
摘 要
Abstract
1 导论
1.1 选题来源及研究意义
1.2 选题的国内外研究现状
1.3 研究方法、研究的重难点及创新之处
2 相关概念的界定
2.1 返乡务工人员概念界定
2.2 城乡文化及其差异
2.3 文化认同的内涵及过程
2.4 返乡务工人员城乡文化认同
3 返乡务工人员现状调查
3.1 女性和西部务工人员居多
3.2 中年务工人员居多
3.3 低文化水平和技术务工人员居多
4 返乡务工人员城乡文化认同矛盾现象及原因
4.1 衣食住行等物质生活差异
4.2 社交、婚姻等社会层面差异
4.3 文化娱乐等精神生活差异
5 返乡务工人员城乡文化认同问题的解决思路
5.1 进一步提升城市务工人员对城市社会的认同感和归属感
5.2 进一步增强返乡务工人员的“造血”功能
5.3 返乡务工人员自身的逐步适应
结束语
致 谢
参考文献
