摘 要
每个人都会有妒忌心理,也都或多或少的会被别人妒忌。被妒忌是指:个体因妒忌者参照或比较,自身与妒忌者相比在某些方面有一定优势,自身遭到妒忌者的冷漠、贬低、排斥甚至是敌视。而因东西方文化不同。妒忌的表现方式不同,被妒忌者回应的方式也不同。在中国文化下,中国人采取的应对被妒忌的策略与西方有明显差别,因为东西方对妒忌理解有很大差别,被妒忌者的策略应对方式也有很大差别。虽然被妒忌者有比他人“高出一筹”的先决条件,但也给被妒忌者带来莫名的委屈和烦恼,严重的妒忌会对被妒忌的对象采取明显的攻击行为。被妒忌者会采用哪种应对策略来应对妒忌者的妒忌使自己减少烦恼和妒忌者对自己的威胁甚至是可能发生的恶性事件,并且被妒忌者的应对策略方式与自身的心理健康是否有相关,都成为本文重要的研究内容。
针对所提出的问题,在国内外研究的基础上,本研究通过问卷调查考察中国文化背景下被妒忌者的应对策略结构,并分析被妒忌者应对策略与被妒忌者心理健康之间的相关关系。在河南省淮河医院、郑州人民医院等单位,通过方便取样,以医护人员为研究对象,收取 338 份有效问卷。对问卷进行分析,结果如下:被妒忌应对策略问卷的内部的克隆巴赫一致性系数为 0.864。探索性因素分析的结果表明,累积方差贡献率为百分之 56.226。验证性因素分析的主要拟合指度标分别为:被妒忌应对策略的亲社会行为、以暴制暴、道德伪善、自我表露、自我谦卑,冷漠逃避六个维度之间的拟合度GFI\AGFI\CFI\NNFI 均在 0.8-0.9 之间,卡方比自由度<5,RMSEA<0.08,RMR<0.1,各指标均在可以接受范范围之内。以上结果表明,被妒忌应对策略问卷的信效度符合心理测量学的要求量。此外,数据分析结果表明,被妒忌应对策略与被妒忌者心理健康的相关不显着。
关键词:妒忌 ,被妒忌者 ,应对策略,心理健康
ABSTRACT
As a long-last psychological phenomenon, envy has passed down from generation to generation andoccurs to everyone who compares with others who have advantages,then often shows the psychologicalstate such as indifference, belittle, exclusion and even hostility. Because of the different culturalbackground, the way of envy differs, so as to the responses of the envy target. Due to the differentunderstandings in envy between east and west, the coping stragtegies carried by the envy target may alsohave large differences. Although the envy target has a precondition of "higher" than others, it also broughthim a sense of injustice and annoyance, even obvious attacked. The main content of this paper analysis thestrategies being used by the one envy target to reduce trouble, threats and the possibility of malignantevents, and discusses the correlations between coping strategies carried by the envy target and their ownmental health.
Based on the above issues, on the basis of the research at home and abroad, this study investigate thestructure of coping strategies of the envy target in Chinese culture background by questionnaire, andanalyses the relationship between coping strategies and mental health. 338 valid questionnaires of medicalstaff were collected in Huaihe hospital and People’s hospital in Zhengzhou by convenient sampling. Resultsare as follows: the Cronbach's Alpha of the Coping Strategies Questionnaire of the Envy Target is 0.864.
Exploratory factor analysis results show that the cumulative variance contribution rate is 56.226. The mainindex of fitting degree in confirmatory factor analysis are: the correlation coefficient GFI \ AGFI \ CFI \NNFI of the six dimensions: coping strategies of pro-social behavior, violence with violence, moralhypocrisy, self-disclosure, humility, indifference to escape, are between 0.8 to 0.9. All the indicators are inthe range of acceptable fan. The results above show that the reliability and validity of The CopingStrategies Questionnaire of the Envy Target are in accordance with the requirements of psychometrics, withhigh quality. In addition, the data analysis results show that there is no significant correlation betweencountermeasures adopted by envy target and the mental health.
Keywords: envy, envy target, coping strategies, mental health
目 录
摘 要
ABSTRACT
1 文献综述
1.1 选题缘由
1.2 妒忌及其相关概念
1.2.1 妒忌
1.2.2 妒忌和嫉妒的差异
2 被妒忌应对策略量表编制的现状
2.1 中西方妒忌文化差异
2.2 被妒忌者具有的特征
2.2.1 被妒忌者遭到对抗
2.2.2 被妒忌者的针对性
2.2.3 妒忌者向被妒忌者的发泄性
3 被妒忌者的应对策略选择5
3.1 被妒忌者会产生亲社会行为
3.2 被妒忌者会对妒忌者产生侵害
3.3 被妒忌者道德伪善
3.4 被妒忌者的自我表露
3.5 被妒忌者的自我谦卑
3.6 被妒忌者的逃避冷漠
4 被妒忌策略选择与心理健康
5 研究一
5.1 研究假设
5.2 研究程序
5.3 研究目的
5.4 研究方法
5.4.1 收集资料的方法
5.4.2 分析资料的方法
5.5 中国文化背景下被妒忌者应对策略量表的编制
5.5.1 中国文化下被妒忌者策略应对的理论构想
5.5.2 量表的预试的施测和结果分析
5.5.3 项目分析
5.5.4 共同度、主成份、公共因子的特征值和方差贡献
5.5.5 第二次因素分析共同度、主成份、公共因子的特征值和方差贡献
5.5.6 第三次因素分析共同度、主成份、公共因子的特征值和方差贡献
5.6 量表的实测及验证性性因素分析
5.6.1 被试
5.6.2 研究工具
5.6.3 中国文化下被妒忌者应对策略量表的结构效度指标
5.6.4 量表的信度
6 被妒忌者应对策略与被妒忌者心理健康的相关研究
6.1 研究目的
6.2 研究对象
6.3 研究工具
6.4 数据统计分析
6.5 相关分析结果
7 讨论
7.1 被妒忌应对策略量表的信效度
7.2 中国文化下被妒忌者策略应对的构成要素
7.2.1 被妒忌者亲社会行为
7.2.2 被妒忌者的道德伪善
7.2.3 被妒忌者对妒忌者的以暴治暴
7.2.4 被妒忌者自我谦卑
7.2.5 被妒忌者的冷漠逃避
7.2.6 被妒忌者的自我表露
7.3 中国文化下被妒忌者策略应对问卷具有良好的效度
7.4 被妒忌应对策略与心理健康的相关分析
8 结论
9 本研究的的不足和未来研究的设想
参考文献
致 谢