摘 要
近些年来,随着国家在环保上的重视,各地均采取了很多大气污染物防控举措，我国的能源结构以煤为主,燃煤锅炉的大气污染物防控尤为重要。煤矿作为煤炭生产企业,锅炉燃煤更是一个无法回避的问题，加强煤矿锅炉烟气污染物的控制势在必行。燃煤锅炉烟气产生的大气污染物主要有二氧化硫、氮氧化物及颗粒物。国家环境保护部和国家质量监督检验检疫总局联合发布的《锅炉大气污染物排放标准》中对燃煤锅炉烟气中的二氧化硫、氮氧化物及颗粒物等污染物的浓度提高了标准，进行了更严格的控制。为了降低企业在面对大气污染物控制时的压力，寻求效果更好的对煤矿锅炉更适用的大气污染物控制措施，所以下功夫撰写本论文。
本文旨在探索更适用于煤矿燃煤锅炉的脱硫工艺,以及如何改进工艺系统及系统中核心设备脱硫塔内部结构,以及改进以后的实际效果和对后续矿井应用改进工艺和脱硫塔的实际价值和意义。
文中分析了目前国内外的烟气脱硫设施的现状，论述了各矿井锅炉采用不同脱硫工艺后在投资、运行费用、占地、运行效果等诸多方面的差异，分析了各个脱硫工艺的优点和缺点，论证了采用氧化镁法脱硫工艺及氨法脱硫工艺是更适用于煤矿燃煤锅炉的脱硫方式。针对氧化镁脱硫和氨法脱硫工艺查阅了大量文献，调研了实际煤矿燃煤锅炉目前运行的氧化镁脱硫工艺设施及氨法脱硫工艺设施，分析了设施实际运行的数据，结合在实际工程上的体会，深入进行应用研究，得出一些结论，得到改进工艺系统和脱硫塔的具体措施,有了更高效的解决煤矿燃煤锅炉排放的烟气中硫超标问题的方法；通过运行数据的分析，对前期的设计和实际检测数据做对比；印证了工程设计的改进对实际工程的适用性,得到了后续推广真正的价值所在和意义所在。
关键词：二氧化硫；煤矿；燃煤锅炉烟气；氧化镁脱硫工艺。
Abstract
In recent years, with the attention of the state in environmental protection, many local airpollution control measures have been taken in various places. China's energy structure isdominated by coal, and the prevention and control of atmospheric pollutants in coal-firedboilers is particularly important. As a coal production enterprise, coal-fired boilers are anunavoidable problem. It is imperative to strengthen the control of coal-fired boiler flue gaspollutants. The atmospheric pollutants produced by coal-fired boiler flue gas mainly includesulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides and particulate matter. The concentration of pollutants such assulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides and particulate matter in the flue gas of coal-fired boilers hasbeen raised by the Ministry of Environmental Protection and the General Administration ofQuality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine in the Boiler Air Pollutant Emission Standard.
Strict control. In order to reduce the pressure of enterprises in the face of atmosphericpollutant control, and to seek better control measures for atmospheric pollutants that are moresuitable for coal mine boilers, the following papers are written.
The purpose of this paper is to explore the desulfurization process that is more suitablefor coal-fired boilers in coal mines, and how to improve the internal structure of the coreequipment desulfurization tower in the process system and system, as well as to improve theactual effects and the practical value of the improved process and desulfurization tower forsubsequent mine applications. significance.
This paper analyzes the current status of flue gas desulfurization facilities at home andabroad, discusses the differences in investment, operating costs, land occupation, operationeffects, etc. after using different desulfurization processes in various mine boilers, andanalyzes the advantages and disadvantages of each desulfurization process. It is demonstratedthat the desulfurization process using magnesium oxide and the desulfurization process ofammonia are more suitable for desulfurization of coal-fired boilers in coal mines. A largenumber of literatures were reviewed for the magnesium oxide desulfurization and ammoniadesulfurization processes. The magnesium oxide desulfurization process facilities andammonia desulfurization process facilities currently in operation of the actual coal-firedboilers were investigated. The actual operation data of the facilities were analyzed andcombined with the actual engineering. Experience, in-depth application research, draw someconclusions, get specific measures to improve the process system and desulfurization tower,and have a more efficient method to solve the problem of excessive sulfur in the flue gasemitted by coal-fired boilers in coal mines; through the analysis of operational data, Comparethe previous design with the actual test data; confirm the applicability of the engineeringdesign improvement to the actual project, and get the real value and significance of thefollow-up promotion.
Keywords: sulfur dioxide; coal mine; coal-fired boiler flue gas; Magnesium Oxidedesulfurization process.
目 录
摘 要
ABSTRACT
第 1 章 绪 论.
1.1 课题研究的背景及研究的目的和意义
1.1.1 课题研究的背景 .
1.1.2 研究的目的和意义 .
1.2 国内外在脱硫工艺上的研究现状及分析
1.2.1 国外在脱硫工艺上的研究现状及分析
1.2.2 国内在脱硫工艺上的研究现状及分析
第 2 章 烟气脱硫技术 .
2.1 引言.
2.2 石灰石-石膏法
2.2.1 工艺流程及原理 .
2.2.2 工艺优缺点 .
2.3 氧化镁法 .
2.3.1 工艺流程及原理 .
2.3.2 工艺优缺点 .
2.4 双碱法 .
2.4.1 工艺特点 .
2.4.2 工艺原理 .
2.4.3 工艺优势 .
2.5 氨法 .
2.5.1 氨法脱硫反应原理 .
2.5.2 氨法脱硫技术优点 .
2.5.3 氨逃逸形成原因及防治措施
2.5.4 氨逃逸国家控制标准 .
2.6 本章小结 .
第 3 章 氧化镁法在煤矿锅炉脱硫应用与分析
3.1 应用矿井供热和锅炉基本情况介绍
3.2 应用矿井氧化镁法工艺介绍
3.2.1 氧化镁法脱硫系统构成 .
3.2.2 氧化镁法脱硫系统本次设计亮点
3.3 应用矿井氧化镁法主要设备系统计算 .
3.3.1 烟路系统 .
3.3.2 SO2吸收系统
3.3.3 脱硫剂浆液制备输送系统
3.4 氧化镁法预期运行分析及实测结果对比 .
3.5 本章小结 .
第 4 章 氨法在煤矿锅炉脱硫应用与分析
4.1 应用矿井供热和锅炉基本情况介绍 .
4.2 应用矿井氨法工艺介
4.2.1 氨法脱硫系统构成 .
4.2.2 氨法脱硫系统本次设计亮点
4.3 应用矿井氨法主要设备系统计算.
4.3.1 烟道系统 .
4.3.2 SO2吸收系统
4.3.3 脱硫剂浆液制备输送系统
4.4 氨法预期运行分析及实测结果对比 .
4.5 本章小结 .
结 论.
参考文献.
