中 文 摘 要
夫妻财产制度是婚姻法中调整夫妻财产关系的一项极为重要的法律制度。该制度关涉夫妻双方婚前财产和婚后所得财产的归属、管理、使用、债务清偿、收益、婚姻解除时财产清算及处分等多项内容。作为婚姻关系法中必不可少的一项内容,自建国以来,我国的夫妻财产制度经过多次修改,由最初的一般共同制,到法定夫妻财产制,再到夫妻共同财产制、夫妻个人财产制和约定财产制相结合的立法模式,我国的夫妻财产制经历了一个逐步完善的过程,但我国的夫妻财产制仍存在约定夫妻财产制度缺乏公示程序、缺乏协议变更程序以及对继承或赠与财产的规定不合理等诸多问题,仍需进一步修改和完善。
本文在对夫妻财产制度的基本特点和类型进行介绍的基础上,对我国现行的夫妻财产制度进行了分析,并指出我国夫妻财产制度存在的问题,进而提出了完善我国夫妻财产制度的建议。本文共分为以下几个部分:第一部分,引言。主要是对我国婚姻财产制度研究的重要性和研究现状等的介绍;第二部分,夫妻财产制度概述。本部分是对夫妻财产制度的概念、特点和类型的介绍;第三部分是我国的夫妻财产制度,主要包括我国新《婚姻法》对我国夫妻财产制度完善的阐述以及我国的夫妻财产制度中的法定夫妻财产制、约定夫妻财产制以及个人财产制的具体内容、特点的总结和评析;第四部分是对我国夫妻财产制度的漏洞和缺陷的总结和分析,其中指出了我国夫妻财产制中存在的缺乏公示程序、缺乏协议变更程序、关于继承或赠与所得财产规定不合理等问题;最后一部分是本文的核心,即我国夫妻财产制度的完善,本部分笔者从民法通则的角度、夫妻共同财产的认定和管理角度、约定夫妻财产制的完善以及特殊制度等多个方面提出了完善我国夫妻财产制度的建议,希望对我国夫妻财产制的完善尽一份微薄之力。
关键词: 夫妻共同财产制 夫妻个人财产制 夫妻约定财产制 完善建议
Abstract
Marital property system is the adjustment of the property relations of husband andwife in marriage law,which is a very important legal system. It is the legal systemabout the couple of the property before and after marriage property ownership,management, use, income, debt settlement, clearing and disposing of property when themarriage is dissolved in many aspects such as content. As an indispensable content ofmarriage law, since the founding of new China, China's marital property system hasbeen revised many times, by the common system first, to the statutory matrimonialproperty system, legislation mode to matrimonial property system, matrimonial personalproperty system and promissory property system combined, China's marital propertysystem experienced a process of gradual improvement, but at present our maritalproperty system still has contractual marital property system lacks publicity procedures,lack of agreement to change the procedures and provisions on inheritance or donation ofproperty and the unreasonable problem, still need to be further modified and improved.
This paper introduces in the foundation of the basic characteristics and types ofmarital property system, to our country present conjugal property system were analyzed,and pointed out that the existence of marital property system in China, and then putsforward perfecting our marital property system suggestion. This paper is divided intothe following parts: the first part, introduction. Mainly on the marital property system ofour country history strictly and research status are introduced; the second part, themarital property system. This part is the concept, characteristics and types of maritalproperty system is introduced; the third part is the marital property system in China,including China's new “marriage law” of marital property system in China to perfect theelaboration of the marital property system in our country the statutory matrimonialproperty system, contractual marital property system and the specific the content ofindividual property characteristics, summarizes and comments; the fourth part is thesummary and analysis of flaws and defects on the marital property system in China, themarital property system of our country in the lack of publicity procedures, lack ofagreement change program about inheritance or gift from the property provisions arenot reasonable; the last part is the core of this paper, namely the perfect marital propertysystem of our country, this part from the general point of view, the joint property ofhusband and wife identification and management angle, contractual marital propertysystem and special system and then puts forward some marital property system of ourcountry perfect proposal.
Keywords: the Marital Property System, the Legal Property System, PublicationProcedure
目 录
中文摘要…… 1
英文摘要…… 2
引 言……3
一、夫妻财产制度概述…… 2
(一)夫妻财产制度的概念…… 2
(二)夫妻财产制度的特点…… 2
(三)夫妻财产制度的主要类型…… 3
二、我国现行的夫妻财产制度…… 6
(一)新《婚姻法》对我国夫妻财产制度的完善…… 6
1.明确了法定夫妻共同财产的范围…… 6
2.确立了夫妻约定财产制度…… 6
3.规定了夫妻个人特有财产制度…… 6
4.体现了保护弱者的立法理念,更好的反映了司法本质…… 7
(二)我国的法定夫妻财产制度…… 7
(三)我国的约定夫妻财产制度…… 8
三、我国夫妻财产制度的不足…… 13
(一)约定夫妻财产制缺乏公示程序…… 13
(二)夫妻财产制度缺乏协议变更程序…… 13
(三)关于继承或赠与所得财产的规定不合理…… 13
(四)缺少对法定财产制排除的非常情形的规定…… 13
(五)对几个夫妻财产制度问题的见解…… 15
四、完善我国夫妻财产制度的建议…… 18
(一)增加夫妻财产方面的通则性规定…… 18
(二)增加夫妻共同财产与个人财产的认定和管理的规定…… 18
(三)进一步健全夫妻约定财产制…… 20
(四)以夫妻财产分割为基础的可期待利益共有制度的构建…… 21
(五)增设非常法定财产制…… 22
(六)进一步完善特殊财产的归属制度…… 23
结 语…… 25
参考文献…… ……26
致 谢……28