本篇论文目录导航:
【题目】延边地区留守家庭主要问题探析
【第一章】延边留守家庭特点研究绪论
【第二章】留守家庭基本概念和主要理论
【第三章】延边地区留守家庭的基本状况和问题
【第四章】延边留守家庭的发展状况及问题
【结论/参考文献】延边留守家庭发展优化研究结论与参考文献
摘要
改革开放以来,很多地区的青壮年劳动力开始离开家乡外出务工,越来越多的家庭结构发生变化,产生留守家庭现象,并伴随出现一系列问题亟待解决。基于 2011 年国家卫生和计划生育委员会(原国家人口计生委)组织的“三类地区人口流动及其影响因素监测调查”的数据,本文针对吉林省延边地区部分数据进行研究。延边地区是吉林省外出务工活动最为频繁的地区,并有其地区特点。
论文在对已有相关研究进行文献综述的基础上,明确“留守家庭”、“留守家庭成员”、“家庭功能”等基本概念,根据“二元结构理论”、“家庭发展理论”等,对延边地区留守家庭进行实证研究。本论文中,留守家庭成员分为 3 类:留守儿童、留守配偶、留守老人。留守家庭类型分为 7 类:只有留守老人的家庭;只有留守配偶的家庭;只有留守儿童的家庭;同时有留守老人和留守儿童的家庭;同时有留守配偶和留守儿童的家庭;同时有留守老人和留守配偶的家庭;同时有 3 类留守成员的家庭。
作者从该地区留守家庭成员(留守儿童、留守配偶、留守老人)状况和特点入手,通过数据分析总结留守家庭具体问题:由于家庭主要成员缺失,导致留守家庭中留守儿童在成长环境、安全、学习、零用钱、身心健康等方面存在隐忧;留守女性家务负担重,留守男性思想压力大;留守老人家庭近九成无子女照料。 通过对留守家庭劳动力、住房和收入状况的统计得出:劳动力年龄留守人口远距离流动意愿强烈;留守家庭生活状况稳定;留守家庭的经济收入来源多样化,外出务工汇款是留守家庭生存和发展的重要经济来源;大部分留守家庭收入比过去有所提高。针对分析延边地区留守家庭现状,总结以下问题:外出务工人员返乡探望间隔时间长,留守家庭成员对外沟通方式单一,留守家庭对外出人员汇款过分依赖。
本文根据延边地区留守家庭的状况和特点,以及家庭整体发展状况,提出几点建议:加强地区民族特色经济产业发展,提高地区公共服务水平,加强社会互助活动开展。
关键词:留守家庭,延边地区,家庭结构,社会生态系统理论
Abstract
Since China's reform and opening up, young adults began to leave theirhometown as migrant workers in many areas. More and more family structure hasbeen changed. There are a series of problems come from left-behind families to besolved.
Based on date named “ Monitoring and surveying population flow and itsinfluencing factors in three kinds of areas” that published by the 2011 national healthand family planning commission (the former national population and family planningcommission) . This paper is a study in Yan Bian region which has the most frequentwork activities in Jilin province and included features of other areas.
On the basis of findings already made by other researchers, the writerdefines basic conception, “left-behind families”, “left-behind family members”and “family function”. Using dual-structure theory and family- development theory,the writer makes lots of empirical studies on the left-behind family in the Yian Bianarea. The left-behind family member is divided into three categories: left-behindchildren, left-behind mates, left-behind elders .Families is classified into sevencategories: only left-behind elders'family; Only left-behind mates'family; Onlyleft-behind children family; left behind elders and children family,left-behind matesand children family , left-behind elders'and mates'family, left- behind all ofmembers family.
Based on the features of the left-behind family members (left-behind children,left-behind mates, left-behind elders), summarizing the existing conditions andproblems through the data analysis. Because of the family members leaving, thechildren are facing serious concerns about developmental environment, study,emotion, body and mind health. Left-behind females have the household burden. Left-behind males have a heavy burden in the mind. 90% of left-behind elder have beenleft alone. According to date analysis the left-behind family labor、housing andincome , there are something have been found: Left-behind labors generally tend to along distance flow for working; left-behind family maintain stably. For the left-behindpeople, the income is diversified and the main source is migrant workers sent to theirfamilies; Most of the left-behind families have been raised. From analyzing thecondition of the Yian Bian area, the writer raises these problems, between the twotimes that migrant workers using to come back home is too long; the communicationmethod is too single for the left-behind people; the left-behind people are toodependent on the source sent by migrant workers.
Based on the condition、features and family development state of the left-behind families in Yanbian area, this paper raises the following proposals,accelerating regional characteristic economy development, improving thedevelopment and quality of public service, enhancing social mutual aid activity.
KeywordsLeft-behind families,Yan Bian region, Family structure,Social ecosystemtheory
目 录
第 1 章 绪 论
1.1 研究背景和研究意义
1.2 文献综述
1.2.1 留守家庭
1.2.2 留守儿童
1.2.3 留守配偶
1.2.4 留守老人
1.2.5 留守家庭的家庭结构和功能
1.3 数据来源和论文结构安排
第 2 章 基本概念和主要理论
2.1 基本概念
2.1.1 留守家庭
2.1.2 留守儿童
2.1.3 留守配偶
2.1.4 留守老人
2.1.5 家庭结构
2.1.6 家庭功能
2.2 主要理论
2.2.1 “推力-拉力”理论
2.2.2 二元经济结构的观点
2.2.3 家庭环状理论、社会生态系统理论
第 3 章 延边地区留守家庭的基本状况和主要问题
3.1 留守家庭形成原因
3.1.1 历史因素
3.1.2 经济因素
3.1.3 文化因素
3.1.4 制度因素
3.2 延边地区留守家庭的基本状况
3.3 延边地区留守儿童状况及问题
3.3.1 留守儿童基本状况和特点
3.3.2 留守儿童主要问题
3.4 延边地区留守配偶状况及问题
3.4.1 留守配偶基本状况和特点
3.4.2 留守配偶主要问题
3.5 延边地区留守老人状况及问题
3.5.1 留守老人基本状况和特点
3.5.2 留守老人主要问题
第 4 章 延边地区留守家庭的发展状况及问题
4.1 延边地区留守家庭成员流出意愿
4.2 留守家庭生活状况
4.2.1 留守家庭的住房状况
4.2.2 留守家庭住房类型
4.2.3 留守家庭使用车辆类型
4.2.4 留守家庭日常生活设施
4.3 留守家庭的经济状况
4.3.1 留守家庭与非留守家庭经济状况的比较
4.3.2 留守家庭与非留守家庭总支出变动比较
4.4 留守家庭发展的主要问题
4.4.1 外出人员返乡探望间隔时间长
4.4.2 留守家庭成员对外沟通方式单一
4.4.3 留守家庭对外出人员汇款过分依赖
第 5 章 结论和对策建议
5.1 结论
5.2 对策建议
参考文献
致 谢