¡¡¡¡ÕªÒª£º³¤½º½µÀÕûÖι¤³Ì¸øº½ÔËÊÂÒµµÄ·¢Õ¹´øÀ´Á˾޴óµÄÉç»áÐ§ÒæºÍ¾¼ÃÐ§Òæ, È»¶øÓÉÓÚ¶àÖÖÒòËØµÄÓ°Ïì, º½µÀÕûÖÎÔÚ³¤½º½µÀ·¢Õ¹¹ý³ÌÖв»¿É±ÜÃâµØ´øÀ´ÁËÑÏÖØµÄÉúÌ¬ÆÆ»µ¡£»ùÓÚ´Ë, ±¾ÎÄÕë¶Ô³¤½º½µÀÕûÖ餳ÌÉú̬»·¾³±£»¤´ëÊ©½øÐвûÊöÓë·ÖÎö¡£
¡¡¡¡¹Ø¼ü´Ê£º³¤½º½µÀ; ÕûÖ餳Ì; Éú̬±£»¤´ëÊ©;
¡¡¡¡Abstract£ºThe Yangtze River Waterway Regulation Project has brought enormous social and economic benefits to the development of its shipping industry. However, due to various factors, the regulation of the waterway has inevitably brought about serious ecological damage during the development of the Yangtze River Channel.. Based on this, this article elaborates and analyzes the ecological environmental protection measures for the Yangtze River Waterway Regulation Project.
¡¡¡¡Keyword£ºYangtze River Channel; Renovation project; Ecological protection measures;
¡¡¡¡Ë®Â·ÔËÊä×÷ΪһÖÖÖØÒªµÄ½»Í¨ÔËÊ䷽ʽ, ÒòÆä¾ßÓÐÕ¼µØÉÙ¡¢³É±¾µÍ¡¢ÄܺÄС¡¢ÎÛȾÇá¡¢ÔËÄÜ´ó¡¢Ð§Òæ¸ßµÈÓÅÊÆÒ»Ö±ÒÔÀ´¶¼³Ðµ£×Å·±ÖصĿÍÔ˺ͻõÔËÈÎÎñ¡£³¤½¸ÉÏß×÷ΪÊÀ½çÉÏÔËÁ¿×î´ó¡¢ÔËÊä×æµÄͨº½ºÓÁ÷, ¶Ô´Ù½øÁ÷Óò¾¼Ãе÷·¢Õ¹·¢»ÓÁËÖØÒª×÷ÓÃ, Ò»Ö±ÒÔÀ´Êܵ½Á˵³ºÍ¹ú¼ÒµÄ¸ß¶ÈÖØÊÓ¡£Îª½øÒ»²½Ìá¸ß³¤½µÄº½ÔËÄÜÁ¦ºÍ³¤½º½Ô˵ľ¼ÃÐ§Òæ, 2011Äê, ¹úÎñÔº·¢²¼ÁË¡¶¹ØÓڼӿ쳤½µÈÄÚºÓË®ÔË·¢Õ¹µÄÒâ¼û¡·, ½«³¤½º½µÀµÄ½¨É蹤×÷ÌáÉýµ½Á˹ú¼ÒÕ½ÂԸ߶ȡ£ÔÚ¹ú¼ÒÕþ²ßºÍ×ʽðµÄ´óÁ¦Ö§³ÖÏÂ, Õþ¸®Ïà¹Ø²¿ÃŶԳ¤½º½ÔËʵʩÁËһϵÁк½µÀÕûÖδëÊ©, ʹµÃ³¤½º½µÀÖØ»ñÉú»ú, ÓÀ´ÁËʱ´ú·¢Õ¹µÄÐÂÆõ»ú¡£È»¶ø´«Í³µÄº½µÀÕûÖι¤³Ì¸ü¶à¹Ø×¢¹¤³ÌµÄÕûÖÎЧ¹û¶øºöÊÓÁ˹¤³Ì¶ÔÖܱ߻·¾³µÄÓ°Ïì, ³¤½º½ÔËÊÂÒµµÄ·¢Õ¹ËäÈ»¸øÈËÃÇ´øÀ´Á˾޴óµÄ±ãÀûºÍÁ¼ºÃµÄ¾¼ÃÐ§Òæ, µ«³¤½º½µÀµÄÉú̬»·¾³È´¸¶³öÁ˲ÒÖØµÄ´ú¼Û, ³¤½º½Ô˵ĿɳÖÐø·¢Õ¹ÃæÁÙΣ»ú¡£±¾ÎÄ·ÖÎöÁ˳¤½º½µÀÕûÖεķ¢Õ¹¶Ôµ±µØË®ÓòÉú̬»·¾³µÄÓ°Ïì, ÂÛÊöÁË¿ªÕ¹³¤½º½µÀÕûÖι¤³ÌºÍ»·¾³±£»¤µÄ±ØÒªÐÔ, Ìá³öÁ˱£»¤µ±µØÉúÎïÓëË®×ÊÔ´µÄÓÐЧ´ëÊ©, ÒÔÆÚ¶Ô³¤½º½ÔËÊÂÒµ¿ÆÑ§ÓÐÐò·¢Õ¹ÌṩЩÐí²Î¿¼¡£
¡¡¡¡1 ³¤½º½µÀÖÎÀí¹¤³Ì¿ªÕ¹µÄÔÒò¼°ÏÖ×´
¡¡¡¡×Ô¹ÅÒÔÀ´, ³¤½º½ÔËΪÖйú¾¼ÃµÄ·¢Õ¹×ö³öÁ˾޴ó¹±Ïס£µ«½üÄêÀ´, ³¤½º½µÀ³öÏÖÁËÉÏÖÐÓÎÓÙÄà¶ÂÈû¡¢ºÓ²Û±äÐÎÒÔ¼°ÏÂÓ䬲°Ò׸édzµÈÎÊÌâ, µ¼Öº½Ô˵ķ¢Õ¹Êܵ½Á˼«´óÓ°Ï졣Ϊ´Ù½ø³¤½Á÷ÓòÄÚ¾¼ÃµÄ½»Á÷Óë·¢Õ¹, ¹ú¼Ò¶Ô³¤½º½µÀʵʩÁËһϵÁÐÕûÖδëÊ©, µ÷ÕûÁ˺Ӳ۵ÄÐÎ̬, ¼ÓÉîÁËÏÂÓκ½µÀµÄÉî¶È, ÊèͨÁËÖÐÓεÄÓÙ¶Â, ±£Ö¤ÁËÖ§Á÷ÓëÖ÷¸Éº½µÀµÄÁ¬Í¨, ʹµÃ³¤½º½µÀ¾ß±¸ÁËÁ¼ºÃµÄË®ÔËÌõ¼þ[1]¡£
¡¡¡¡½üÄêÀ´, Ëæ×ÅÈýϿˮÀûÊàŦ¹¤³ÌµÄ½¨³ÉʹÓÃ, ¾ÈýÏ¿´ó°ÓÐîË®ºó, ´óÁ¿ÇåË®ÏÂй, Ôì³ÉºÓ´²³åË¢, ÑÏÖØÓ°ÏìÁ˳¤½ÖÐÏÂÓκӵÀµÄÄàɳ¶¯Ì¬Æ½ºâ, ³¤½ÖÐÏÂÓκÓÊÆ¶¯µ´²»Ã÷, ²¿·ÖºÓµÀº½¶Î³öÏÖ¶ñ»¯ÁËÇ÷ÊÆÉõÖÁÏûʧ, ÑÏÖØÓ°ÏìÁ˳¤½º½µÀº½ÔËÊÂÒµµÄ·¢Õ¹¡£Òò´Ë, ¶Ô³¤½ÖÐÏÂÓνøÒ»²½ÊµÊ©°º½ºÓ¶ÎÕûÖ餳ÌÊÆÔÚ±ØÐС£
¡¡¡¡2 ³¤½º½µÀÖÎÀí¹¤³Ì¶ÔÉú̬»·¾³µÄÓ°Ïì
¡¡¡¡³¤½¸ÉÏߺ½µÀµÄÕûÖ餳ÌÖ÷Òª·ÖΪÒÔÏÂ4Àà:Öþ°Ó¹¤³Ì¡¢ÊØ»¤¹¤³Ì (»¤Ì²¡¢»¤°¶¡¢»¤ÆÂ¡¢»¤µ×) Êè¿£´µÌ³ÌºÍº½µÀ±¬ÆÆ¹¤³Ì, ¶øº½µÀÖÎÀí¹ý³ÌÖÐÎÞÂÛÊÇ¿ªÕ¹ÊØ»¤¹¤³Ì¡¢Öþ°Ó¹¤³Ì»¹ÊÇÊè¿£´µÌ³Ì»ò±¬ÆÆ¹¤³Ì¶¼ÓлáÔÚÒ»¶¨³Ì¶ÈÉϵ¼Öº½µÀË®ÌåÖÐÐü¸¡ÎïŨ¶ÈÉÏÉý, ¶Ô¸¡ÓÎÉúÎïµÄÉú³¤ÆÜÏ¢²úÉú²»ÀûÓ°Ïì;³¤½º½µÀÑØÏßÓÐ×ÅÖî¶àµÄ×ÔÈ»±£»¤ÇøºÍÌìȻʪµØ, Ë®ÓòÄÚÓи÷ÖַḻµÄË®ÉúÓãÀàÒÔ¼°°×÷¢ëà¡¢Öлªöà¡¢ëÙÖ¬ÓãµÈÕäϡˮÉúÉúÎï¡£ÕâЩ×ÔÈ»±£»¤ÇøºÍÌìȻʪµØ¶Ô³¤½Á÷ÓòµÄÆøºòÒÔ¼°ÉúÎïµÄÉú´æ×´¿öÓÐ׿«ÆäÖØÒªµÄµ÷½Ú×÷Óá£Í¬Ê±Öþ°Ó¹¤³ÌºÍ±¬ÆÆ¹¤³ÌµÈ¶¼»áÆÆ»µË®Óòµ×²¿ÆÜÏ¢ÉúÎïµÄÉú´æ»·¾³, ¶ÔÕâЩÉúÎïµÄ²úÂѺÍÓ×ÃçµÄÉú³¤Ôì³ÉÓ°Ïì, µ¼ÖÂÓãÀà×ÊÔ´³öÏÖÊýÁ¿ÉϵļõÉÙ, ¶ÔÕäÏ¡ÎïÖֵı£»¤ÓÈÆä²»Àû¡£ÁíÍâ, ³¤½º½µÀˮϵÊdz¤½Á÷ÓòÄÚ¾ÓÃñ±Ø²»¿ÉÉÙµÄÒûË®À´Ô´, Ë®ÖÊÒ»µ©Òòº½µÀÖÎÀí¹¤³ÌµÄʵʩ¶ø³öÏÖÎÛȾÏÖÏó, ¾Í»á¸øµ±µØ¾ÓÃñµÄÉú»îºÍÉú²ú²úÉú¼«»µµÄÓ°Ïì[2]¡£
¡¡¡¡3 ³¤½º½µÀÕûÖ餳ÌÉú̬±£»¤´ëÊ©·ÖÎö
¡¡¡¡³¤½º½µÀµÄÉú̬ÖÎÀíºÍ±£»¤Êdz¤½º½µÀ½¨ÉèµÄ·¢Õ¹·½Ïò, ½«ÓÐÖúÓÚÌá¸ßÑØ½¾¼ÃÉç»á·¢Õ¹Ë®Æ½, ¸ÄÉÆ³¤½ÑØÏßÉú̬»·¾³¡£»ùÓÚ´Ë, ±¾ÎÄÌá³öÁ˳¤½º½µÀÕûÖ餳ÌÉú̬±£»¤µÄ¼¸¸ö´ëÊ©:
¡¡¡¡3.1 ¶Ôº½µÀÖÎÀí¹¤³ÌʵʩÉú̬»¯¸ÄÔì
¡¡¡¡ÎªÁËÔÚ½øÐг¤½º½µÀÖÎÀíµÄͬʱ²»ÆÆ»µ»òÕßÉÙÆÆ»µÉú̬»·¾³, ÈËÃÇÈÚºÏÁ˹¤³ÌÁ¦Ñ§¡¢ÍÁÈÀѧ¡¢ÉúÎïѧÒÔ¼°Éú̬ѧµÈ²»Í¬Ñ§¿ÆµÄÏà¹ØÖªÊ¶, ʵÏÖÁ˶Ժ½µÀÖÎÀí¹¤³ÌµÄÉú̬»¯¸ÄÔì, Ìá³öÁËÉú̬º½µÀµÄ¸ÅÄî¡£ÀýÈç, ÔÚ¿ªÕ¹»¤ÆÂ·À»¤¹¤³Ìʱ, Ϊ·ÀֹˮÁ÷³åË¢ºÓ°¶»òÕßË®µ×ÉúÎïÉú´æ»·¾³ÔâÊÜÆÆ»µ, ÎÒÃÇ¿ÉÒÔ½è¼ø¹úÍâ¾Ñé, ÀûÓÃÖ²Îï×ÔÉíµÄÉú̬ÐÞ¸´¹¦ÄÜ, ÔÚбÆÂÉϽ¨Á¢Ö§»¤²¢ÑøÖ²¾ßÓÐÁ¼ºÃÉú̬ϰÐÔµÄÖ²Îï, ÈçÏã²Ý¸ùµÈ, Ðγɿ¹·çÀ˺Ϳ¹³åË¢ÄÜÁ¦½ÏÇ¿µÄÖ²ÎﷱïµÄÉú̬»¤ÆÂ¹¤³Ì;Ò²¿ÉÒÔ²ÉÓÃÅ×ʯ»¤°¶ºÍľ׮»¤°¶ÕâÖÖ¶à¿Õ϶µÄ»¤°¶½á¹¹, ΪÁ½ÆÜÀàÉúÎïÌṩһ¶¨µÄÉú´æ¿Õ¼ä, ΪÆäÌṩÁ¼ºÃµÄÉú´æ»·¾³¡£»¹¿ÉÒÔ²ÉÓð²È«ÐÔÄܽϸߵϤµ×¹¤³Ì²ÄÁÏÈçÍÁ¹¤Ö¯ÎïɳÕí¡¢»ìÄýÍÁÈíÌåÅŵÈÀ´±£»¤º½µÀ»ùµ×µÄÉú̬»·¾³[3]¡£
¡¡¡¡3.2 ½¨Á¢Éú̬²¹³¥»úÖÆ
¡¡¡¡Éú̬²¹³¥»úÖÆÖ¸µÄÊǹú¼ÒºÍÕþ¸®²ÉÈ¡ÐÐÕþ¡¢¾¼ÃµÈÊֶζԳ¤½º½µÀÑØÏߵľÓÃñÒÔÒ»¶¨Éú̬±£»¤µÄ²¹³¥, µ÷¶¯ÈËÃÇÉú̬»·¾³±£»¤µÄ»ý¼«ÐÔ, ±ÜÃâÉúÌ¬ÆÆ»µ, ´Ù½øµ±µØÉú̬±£»¤µÄ¿É³ÖÐø·¢Õ¹¡£ÀýÈç, Õþ¸®²¿ÃÅ¿ÉÒÔ¶Ô³¤½º½µÀÕûÖ餳ÌÌṩ×ʽðºÍ¼¼ÊõÖ§³Ö²¢¸øÓèÕþ²ßÉϵÄÓÅ»ÝÒÔÏÞÖÆÕûÖι¤³Ì¶Ô³¤½Á÷ÓòÉú̬»·¾³µÄÆÆ»µ×÷Óá£Õþ¸®²¿ÃÅÒªÈÏÕæ½øÐÐÉú̬²¹³¥µÄµ÷²éÑо¿, ¸ù¾Ýʵ¼ÊÇé¿öÖÆ¶¨Éú̬²¹³¥·½°¸, ¶ÔÕäϡˮÉúÉúÎïµÄ±£»¤·Ñ¡¢²¹³¥ÆÚÏÞÒÔ¼°×ʽð¹ÜÀíµÈ×ö³öÃ÷È·µÄ¹æ¶¨²¢Ã÷È·²¹³¥µÄÖ÷ÌåÓë¿ÍÌå, ÒÔ±£Ö¤Éú̬²¹³¥µÄÓÐЧʵʩ¡£
¡¡¡¡3.3 ±£»¤ÕäϡˮÉúÉúÎïºÍ¶üÁÏÓãÀà
¡¡¡¡º½µÀÕûÖι¤³Ì¶Ô³¤½Ë®ÓòÄÚµÄË®Éú»·¾³¾ßÓÐÒ»¶¨µÄÆÆ»µ×÷ÓÃ, Ëü»á¾ªÈÅÓãÀàºÍÕäϡˮÉúÉúÎïµÄÆÜÏ¢, ²»ÀûÓÚÕâЩˮÉúÉúÎïµÄ·±ÑÜÉúÏ¢¡£Ïà¹Øµ¥Î»Ó¦¸ÃÕë¶ÔÕâЩÕäϡˮÉúÉúÎïºÍ¶üÁÏÓãÀàµÄÆÜÏ¢µØ·Ö²¼Çé¿öºÍÉú»îÌØÐÔ²Éȡһ¶¨µÄÉú̬±£»¤ºÍÉú̬ÐÞ¸´´ëÊ©, ¼°Ê±ÓëË®ÉúÉú̬¹ÜÀí»ú¹¹×齨е÷С×é, ÔÚ¹¤³ÌÊ©¹¤Ç°Óëµ±µØÓæÒµÐÐÕþ²¿ÃŽøÐйµÍ¨¡£ÀýÈç, ÕûÖι¤³Ì½¨ÉèʱӦ¼°Ê±¸æÖªµ±µØÓæÒµÐÐÕþ²¿Ãʤ³Ì½¨ÉèµÄʱ¼ä¡¢µØµã¡¢¹¤ÆÚ, ±ÜÃâÔÚÕâЩˮÉúÉúÎï²úÂÑÆÚ¡¢ä§ÓÎÆÚ½øÐк½µÀÕûÖÎ, Ò²¿ÉÒÔͶ·ÅÓ×ÃçÒÔ½øÐÐÉú̬²¹³¥¡¢¶ÔÕäϡˮÉúÉúÎïÈç°×÷¢ëàµÈ½øÐÐÈ˹¤·±Óý¡¢¾ÍµØ±£»¤»òÕßǨµØ±£»¤µÈ¡£
¡¡¡¡3.4 ½¨Á¢Éú̬±£»¤Ð§¹ûÆÀ¹ÀÌåϵ
¡¡¡¡ÎªÁ˸üºÃµØÊµÊ©³¤½º½µÀÕûÖ餳ÌÉú̬±£»¤, Ïà¹Ø²¿ÃÅÓ¦¸ÃÔÚµ÷ÑеĻù´¡ÉϽ¨Á¢¿ÆÑ§ºÏÀíµÄÉú̬±£»¤Ð§¹ûÆÀ¹ÀÌåϵ, ¶Ôº½µÀÕûÖÎÆÚ¼ä³¤½º½µÀË®ÓòÄÚµÄÉú̬±£»¤Ð§¹û½øÐÐʵʱ¼à²âºÍЧ¹ûÆÀ¹À¡£ÀýÈç, ¶Ô»¤ÆÂ¡¢µÌ°ÓµÄÉú̬·À»¤Ð§¹û¡¢¶üÁÏÓãÀàÊýÁ¿µÄÔö¼õÇé¿ö¡¢ÕäϡˮÉúÉúÎïµÄ±£»¤Çé¿öµÈ½øÐе÷²éºÍ¼Ç¼, ¶Ô±Èº½µÀÕûÖι¤³Ì¿ªÊ¼Ç°¡¢ÕûÖÎÆÚ¼äÒÔ¼°ÕûÖκóµÄÉú̬±ä»¯Çé¿ö, ¼°Ê±µ÷ÕûÉú̬±£»¤´ëÊ©ºÍº½µÀÕûÖη½°¸, ÒÔ±£Ö¤º½µÀÕûÖεÄЧ¹ûºÍÉú̬±£»¤µÄЧ¹û¡£
¡¡¡¡×ÛÉÏËùÊö, Ëæ×ų¤½Á÷ÓòϵÁÐÇøÓò·¢Õ¹¹ú¼ÒÕ½ÂÔµÄʵʩ, Éú̬±£»¤Ñ¹Á¦½øÒ»²½¼Ó´ó, º½µÀÕûÖκͺ½µÀÉú̬²¢¾ÙµÄÉú̬º½µÀÒѳÉΪ±ØÈ»Ç÷ÊÆ, Ïà¹Ø²¿ÃÅÔÚº½µÀÕûÖιý³ÌÖÐÓ¦¸Ã²ÉÈ¡ÐÐÖ®ÓÐЧµÄ´ëÊ©±£»¤³¤½Ë®ÓòµÄÉú̬»·¾³, ÒÔ±£Ö¤±£ÕÏÆäÔÚÉç»áÐ§Òæ¡¢¾¼ÃÐ§ÒæÊµÏÖµÄͬʱÄܹ»»ñµÃ³¤½Ë®ÓòµÄÂÌÉ«¿É³ÖÐø·¢Õ¹[4]¡£
¡¡¡¡²Î¿¼ÎÄÏ×
¡¡¡¡[1]µË³¬.¹ú¼ÒÄÚºÓº½µÀÕûÖι¤³Ì¼¼ÊõÑо¿ÖÐÐÄÖÇÄܺ½µÀ·ÖÖÐÐĽÒÅÆÒÇʽ¾ÙÐÐ[J].ÖйúË®ÔË, 2016, (02) :13-14.
¡¡¡¡[2]ÖìÔªÕÂ, Ìï¶°, ÀäÀÖ·É.³¤½º½µÀÕûÖι¤³Ì°²È«¹ÜÀí×ÛÊö[J].Ë®Ô˹¤³Ì, 2014, (11) :43-44.
¡¡¡¡[3]ÁõÎÄÁú, ÎâÏ×.dzÎöÀ×ŵ»¤ÆÂÔÚ³¤½º½µÀÕûÖ餳ÌÖеÄÓ¦ÓÃ[J].ÖйúË®ÔË (ϰëÔÂ) , 2017, (12) :44-45.
¡¡¡¡[4]Íò²¨²¨.¶¯Ì¬¹ÜÀíÔÚº½µÀÕûÖ餳ÌÖеÄÓ¦ÓÃ[J].ÖйúË®ÔË, 2015, (11) :23-24.