¡¡¡¡Õª Òª£º¡¡±¾ÎÄ×ÛÊöÁË«Ëñ¾¥¿Ý²¡·¢Éú¼°Æ䲡ԾúÑо¿¸Å¿ö¡¢Â«ËñÒ°ÉúÖÖÖÊ×ÊÔ´¼°Æ俹¾¥¿Ý²¡Ó¦ÓÃÇ°¾°ºÍ«Ëñ¾¥¿Ý²¡·ÀÖμ¼ÊõµÈ·½ÃæµÄÑо¿½øÕ¹£¬²¢ÈÏΪ´óÁ¦¼Óǿ«Ëñ¿¹¾¥¿Ý²¡Æ·ÖÖµÄÑ¡ÓýÊDz¡º¦·À¿ØµÄ¸ù±¾·½ÏòºÍ¹Ø¼ü²ßÂÔ¡£
¡¡¡¡¹Ø¼ü´Ê : «Ëñ,«Ëñ¾¥¿Ý²¡¿¹²¡,ÓýÖÖ£¬
¡¡¡¡Abstract£º¡¡In this paper, the occurrence and pathogen research of asparagus stem blight, wild asparagus germplasm resources and application prospects of asparagus stem blight resistance and control technology of asparagus stem blight were reviewed. It was considered that strengthening the breeding of asparagus cultivars resistant to stem blight was the fundamental direction and key strategy of disease control.
¡¡¡¡Keyword£º¡¡Asparagus officinalis L.; Asparagus stem blight; Disease resistance; Breeding;
¡¡¡¡Â«Ëñ£¨Asparagus officinalis L.£©ÓªÑø¼ÛÖµ¸ß£¬¸»º¬Ì춬õ£°·¡¢ÔíÜÕ¡¢»Æͪ¡¢ÎøºÍÖ²Îï¶àÌǵȶàÖÖ»îÐԳɷ֣¬ÄÜ¿¹Ö×Áö¡¢¿¹Ñõ»¯ºÍ½µÑªÖ¬£¬±»ÓþΪ¡°Êß²ËÖ®Íõ¡±¡°ÊÀ½çÊ®´óÃû²Ë¡±Ö®Ò»[1,2]¡£Â«ËñÔ²úÓÚµØÖк£¶«°¶¼°Ð¡ÑÇϸÑÇ£¬ÒÑÓÐ2 000 aÒÔÉϵÄÔÔÅàÀúÊ·£¬20ÊÀ¼Í³õ´«ÈëÖйú£¬60Äê´úÖйų́ÍåµÄ«ËñÍâÏúÁ¿´ó·ùµÝÔö£¬70Äê´úÎÒ¹úÄÚ½¿ªÊ¼´óÁ¿ÖÖֲ«Ëñ£¬±é¼°»ª±±¡¢Î÷±±¡¢Î÷ÄϵȵØÇø¡£20ÊÀ¼Í90Äê´úÒÔÀ´£¬ÎÒ¹ú«ËñÃæ»ýÖð½¥À©´ó£¬Ö÷Òª¼Ó¹¤³É«Ëñ¹ÞÍ·³ö¿Ú£¬Â«Ëñ³ÉΪÖØÒªµÄ³ö¿Ú´´»ãÐÍÊß²Ë[3]¡£µ±Ç°£¬ÖйúÊÇÊÀ½çÉÏ«ËñÖÖÖ²Ãæ»ý×î´óµÄ¹ú¼Ò£¬×ÜÖÖÖ²Ãæ»ýÔ¼150ÍòĶ£¨10Íòhm2£©£¬Õ¼È«ÇòÖÖÖ²×ÜÃæ»ýÒ»°ëÒÔÉÏ[4]¡£Â«Ëñ¼Ó¹¤²úÒµÁ´³¤£¬¿ÉÉú²ú³ö«Ëñ²è¡¢¾Æ¡¢ÒûÁϺÍ«Ëñ¿¹°©Ò©µÈ¸ß¸½¼ÓÖµ²úÆ·£¬ÔÚÒ½Ò©¡¢Ê³Æ·µÈÁìÓòÓ¦Óÿª·¢Ç°¾°¹ãÀ«¡£½üÄêÀ´£¬ÎÒ¹ú«Ëñ¾¥¿Ý²¡Æ½¾ù·¢²¡ÂʾӸ߲»Ï£¬¿Éµ¼Ö¼õ²ú30%ÒÔÉÏ£¬ÑÏÖØʱÉõÖÁ¾øÊÕ[5,6,7,8]¡£¼øÓÚ¾¥¿Ý²¡Îªº¦ÒѳÉΪÖÆÔ¼ÎÒ¹ú«ËñÉú²ú¿É³ÖÐø·¢Õ¹µÄÍ»³öÎÊÌ⣬±ÊÕ߶Ô«Ëñ¾¥¿Ý²¡µÄ·¢ÉúºÍ·À¿Ø²ßÂÔ½øÐÐÁË×ÛÊö£¬ÎªÉú²úÉϽϺõؽøÐЫËñ¾¥¿Ý²¡µÄ·À¿ØÌṩ½è¼øÓë²Î¿¼¡£
¡¡¡¡1 ¡¢Â«Ëñ¾¥¿Ý²¡·¢Éú¼°Æ䲡ԾúÑо¿½øÕ¹
¡¡¡¡²¡º¦ÊÇÖÆԼ«Ëñ²úÒµ½¡¿µ·¢Õ¹µÄÖØÒªÒòËØÖ®Ò»£¬Ö÷Òª°üÀ¨¾¥¿Ý²¡¡¢ºÖ°ß²¡ºÍ¸ù¸¯²¡µÈ£¬ÆäÖо¥¿Ý²¡Îªº¦×îΪÑÏÖØ£¬¼«Ò×Ôì³É»ÙÃðÐÔÓ°Ï졣«Ëñ¾¥¿Ý²¡ÓÉ«Ëñ¾¥¿Ý²¡¾ú£¨Phomopsis asparagi£©ÒýÆð£¬ÔÚÈ«Çò·¶Î§Äڹ㷺·¢Éú£¬ÃÀ¹ú¡¢°Ä´óÀûÑǺÍÏ£À°µÈ¹ú¾ùÓб¨µÀ£¬Öйú¡¢ÈÕ±¾ºÍÌ©¹úµÈÑÇÖÞÖî¹úÒòÖ÷²úÇøµÄʪÈÈÆøºòºÍÆ·ÖÖÉú̬ÊÊÓ¦ÐԲÖ²¡º¦Ê®·ÖÑÏÖØ[4,6,9]¡£Ä¿Ç°£¬Â«Ëñ¾¥¿Ý²¡ÔÚ·¢²¡Ö¢×´¡¢Éú»îÖÜÆÚ¡¢Éú»¯·À¿Ø¼°²¡ÔÉúÎïѧÌØÐԵȷ½ÃæµÄÑо¿È¡µÃÁËÒ»¶¨½øÕ¹£¬È»¶ø£¬²¡Ô¾úµÄÖ²¡»úÖÆÑо¿ÈÔÈ»½ÏΪ±¡Èõ£¬²»ÀûÓÚ«Ëñ¾¥¿Ý²¡µÄ×ۺϷÀ¿Ø[10,11]¡£Ä¿Ç°£¬»ùÓÚÈ«»ùÒò×éºÍת¼×é²âÐòÊý¾ÝµÄÖ²ÎﲡÔÕæ¾úÓë¼ÄÖ÷µÄÉúÎïѧ»¥×÷»úÖÆÑо¿ÊǹúÄÚÍâÑо¿Èȵã[12,13,14,15,16]£¬¶Ô¾¥¿Ý²¡Ô¾úÓë«ËñµÄ»¥×÷Ñо¿ÒâÒåÖØ´ó£¬ÓÐÀûÓÚ̽Ã÷¾¥¿Ý²¡µÄ·¢Éú¹ý³Ì¼°Ïà¹Ø»úÖÆ£¬Îª²¡º¦·À¿ØÌṩ¿ÆѧÒÀ¾ÝºÍ·½·¨»ù´¡[17,18,19]¡£Ç°ÆÚÑо¿±íÃ÷[20,21]£¬Â«Ëñ¾¥¿Ý²¡¾úΪ°ë»îÌåÓªÑø¼ÄÉúÐÍ£¨hemibiotrophs£©Ë¿×´²¡ÔÕæ¾ú£¬²¡¾úÎÞÐÔ·ÖÉúæß×Ó·Ö¦ÁÐÍ£¨5.0¡«12.5£©¦Ìm¡Á£¨1.8¡«3.8£©¦Ìm¡¢¦ÂÐÍ£¨17.5¡«26.0£©¦Ìm¡Á£¨1.0¡«2.0£©¦ÌmºÍÖмäÐÍ£¨12.0¡«17.0£©¦Ìm¡Á£¨2.5¡«4.5£©¦Ìm 3ÖÖ¡£ÆäÖУ¬¦ÁÐÍÕ¼¾ø¶ÔÓÅÊÆ£¬ÇÒͨ³£ÄÚº¬1¡«2¸öÓÍÇò£¬Ö÷ҪΪº¦ÄÛ¾¥£¬Ò²¿ÉÇÖȾ֦¹£ºÍÄâÒ¶£¬·ÖÉúæß×Ó½ÓÖÖºó5¡«7 d¿É³öÏÖÃ÷ÏÔ²¡°ß£¬²¡°ß³õ³ÊË®×ÕÌõ×´¡¢ºó½¥±ä³É°µºÚÉ«ËóÌõÐΣ¬Öв¿³àºÖÉ«°¼ÏÝ£¬ÆäÉÏÉ¢Éú´óÁ¿Ð¡ºÚµã£¬Îª·ÖÉúæß×ÓÆ÷£¬Ëæºó²¡Öê¿ÝËÀ²¢Ñ¸ËÙ´«È¾ÏàÁÚÖ²Ö꣬²¡¾úÒÔ·ÖÉúæß×Ó£¨Æ÷£©»ò¾úË¿ÌåÔ½¶¬£¬ÊÊÒËÌõ¼þϽøÐгõÇÖȾºÍÔÙÇÖȾ[23,24]¡£Ä¿Ç°£¬ÓйØÆäÖ²¡½ÓÖÖ·½·¨¡¢²¡º¦·Ö¼¶Ö¸±êºÍ²¡ÇéÆÀ¼ÛÌåϵÏà¶Ô³ÉÊì[12]£¬Ö÷ÒªÖ²¡½ÓÖÖ·½·¨°üÀ¨·ÖÉúæß×ÓÒºÅçÎí½ÓÖÖ·¨£¬ÅçÎíÃçÁä30¡«40 dÓ×ÃçµÄ·ÖÉúæß×ÓŨ¶ÈÒ»°ãΪ£¨1¡«10£©¡Á105¸ö/m L£¬½ÓÖÖºóÖÃÓÚÊÒÎÂÏ£¨25¡æ£©7¡«10 dºó¼´¿É·¢²¡¡£Â«ËñÄÛ¾¥¿É²ÉÓþúË¿¿é»ò·ÖÉúæß×ÓÆ÷Ö²¡½ÓÖÖ·¨£¬½ÓÖÖºó7¡«10 d¿É¹Û²â·ÖÎöÖ²¡Ð§¹û¡£
¡¡¡¡Â«Ëñ¾¥¿Ý²¡·ÖÉúæß×ÓÐÎ̬
¡¡¡¡2 ¡¢Â«Ëñ¾¥¿Ý²¡·À¿Ø¼¼ÊõÑо¿
¡¡¡¡2.1 ¡¢ÔÔÅà¹ÜÀí¼¼Êõ
¡¡¡¡Ñ¡ÔñºÏÊʵÄÔÔÅ෽ʽ£¬¼ÓÇ¿Ìï¼äÔÔÅà¹ÜÀíÊÇÉú²úÉϾ¥¿Ý²¡·À¿ØµÄÓÐЧÊÖ¶Î[22]¡£Ò»ÊDzÉÓÃÉèÊ©±ÜÓêÔÔÅ෽ʽ£¬Í¨¹ý´óÅïÉèÊ©¿ÉÓÐЧ×è¸ôÓêË®´«²¥²¡º¦Í¾¾¶¡¢½µµÍ»·¾³Êª¶È£¬´Ó¶øÓÐЧ½µµÍ²¡º¦·¢ÉúÂÊ£¬ÄÏ·½¸ßθßʪ¡¢Óêˮƫ¶àµÄµØÇø£¬½¨Òé²ÉÓÃÉèÊ©±ÜÓêÔÔÅàģʽ¡£Â«ËñÉèÊ©ÔÔÅàÓбðÓÚÆÕͨÊß²ËÔÔÅ࣬¶Ô´óÅï¸ß¶ÈÒªÇóÏà¶Ô½Ï¸ß£¬ÒÔÈ·±£Â«ËñÖ²Öê³ä·ÖµÄÉú³¤¿Õ¼ä¡£¶þÊǼÓÇ¿Ìï¼ä·ÊË®¹ÜÀí£¬²»Í¬Ê±ÆÚºÏÀíÊ©·Ê£¬¼°Ê±ÅŹ࣬´ÙʹֲÖ꽡׳Éú³¤£¬ÔöÇ¿¿¹²¡Á¦¡£ºÏÀíʹÓÃÓлú¡¢ÎÞ»ú¡¢ÉúÎï·Ê£¬ÓÚ´ßÑ¿¡¢×³ÖêºÍÇï·¢3¸öʱÆÚµ÷ÕûN¡¢P¡¢K±ÈÀý·Ö±ðΪ5¡Ã3¡Ã5¡¢5¡Ã4¡Ã4ºÍ5¡Ã3¡Ã4£¬×¢ÒâÊ©ÓÃÊÊÁ¿Óлú·ÊºÍÉúÎï¾ú·Ê[23,24]£¬ÌáÉýÍÁÈÀ×ۺϷÊÁ¦£¬È·±£Ö²ÖêÉú³¤½¡×³£¬ÔöÇ¿¿¹²¡ÄÜÁ¦¡£Â«ËñÄͺµÅÂÀÔ£¬ºÏÀí¿ª¹µÅÅË®¶Ô²¡º¦·À¿ØºÍ´Ù½ø«Ëñ½¡¿µÉú³¤¾ßÓÐÖØÒªÒâÒå¡£ÈýÊǼÓÇ¿Ìï¼ä²¡Ö¦°ÜÒ¶µÄÇåÔ°¹ÜÀí¡£ÄÏ·½Ò»°ã12Ôµ××óÓÒ¼°Ê±¸î³ýµØÉϲ¿µÄ¿Ý»Æĸ¾¥£¬²¢³¹µ×Çå³ýÌï¼äÔ½¶¬²¡²ÐÌ壬×öºÃÍÁÈÀÏû¶¾´¦Àí¡£×ÜÌåÀ´Ëµ£¬Í¨¹ý¼ÓÇ¿×ÛºÏÔÔÅàģʽºÍÌï¼ä¹ÜÀí¼¼ÊõÄÜÓÐЧ·À¿Ø«Ëñ¾¥¿Ý²¡£¬ÓÈÆäÊÇÍƹãÓ¦ÓÃÉèÊ©±ÜÓêÔÔÅàģʽ£¬¿ÉÓÐЧ½µµÍ²¡º¦·¢ÉúÂÊ£¬µ«ÉèÊ©ÔÔÅà»áÔö¼Ó«ËñÉú²úµÄÇ°ÆÚ´óÅïͶÈë¡£
¡¡¡¡2.2 ¡¢»¯Ñ§Å©Ò©·ÀÖÎ
¡¡¡¡ÎªÌáÉý²¡º¦×ۺϷÀ¿ØЧ¹û£¬Â«Ëñ¾¥¿Ý²¡»¯Ñ§·ÀÖÎÐèÓëÔÔÅà¹ÜÀí¼¼ÊõÏà½áºÏ¡£Ò»°ãÉèÊ©´óÅïÄÚ£¬Â«ËñÔÚÔÔÅà¹ÜÀí¼¼Êõµ½Î»µÄÇé¿öÏ£¬¾¥¿Ý²¡·¢Éú½ÏÇᣬ²»Ðè¹ý¶àʹÓû¯Ñ§Å©Ò©¡£Â¶µØÌï¿éÔÚÓêˮƫ¶àµÄÄê·Ý£¬ÈçÔÔÅà¹ÜÀí´ëÊ©²»µ½Î»£¬Ò×±©·¢¾¥¿Ý²¡£¬¸ø«ËñÉú²ú´øÀ´½Ï´óÓ°Ï죬´ËʱÐèÒªºÏÀí¼°Ê±Ê¹Óû¯Ñ§Å©Ò©¼ÓÒÔ·À¿Ø£¬ÇÒÌáÇ°Ô¤·ÀÊ®·ÖÖØÒª£¬×öµ½Ô¤·ÀΪÖ÷¡¢ºÏÀí·À¿Ø¡£³£ÓõĻ¯Ñ§Å©Ò©Óб½ÃѼ׻·ßò¡¢Áò»Ç¡¢´úÉÃÌп¡¢°Ù¾úÇå¡¢¶à¾úÁé¡¢¼×»ùÍв¼½ò£¨¼×»ùÁò¾úÁ飩µÈ[25]¡£Ä¿Ç°£¬Éú²úÉÏȱ·¦¸ùÖÎÐԵĻ¯Ñ§Å©Ò©£¬ÇÒ²»Í¬Å©Ò©ÐèÒª¼ä¸ôÊ©Óã¬ÒÔÃâ²úÉú¿¹Ò©ÐÔ£»Í¬Ê±£¬·ÀÖÎʱÆÚÒ²ºÜ¹Ø¼ü¡£Èô¶µØÉú²úÓöÉϽµÓêÆ«¶àÄê·Ý£¬·ÀÖÎЧ¹û»áÊܵ½Ò»¶¨Ó°Ïì¡£
¡¡¡¡2.3¡¢ ÉúÎïÅ©Ò©·À¿Ø
¡¡¡¡Ïà±È»¯Ñ§Å©Ò©£¬ÉúÎïÅ©Ò©¾ßÓж¾ÐԽϵ͡¢²ÐÁôÆڽ϶̡¢°²È«ÐԽϸߵÈÌص㣬Òò´Ë²ÉÓÃÉúÎïÅ©Ò©·À¿Ø«Ëñ¾¥¿Ý²¡¾ßÓÐÖØÒªµÄÏÖʵÒâÒ塣«ËñÄÛ¾¥ÆÚÊÇÊ©ÓÃÉúÎïÅ©Ò©½øÐо¥¿Ý²¡Ô¤·ÀµÄ¹Ø¼üʱÆÚ£¬³£ÓõÄÉúÎïÒ©¼ÁÓÐÑ¿æ߸˾ú¡¢¿Ý²ÝÞ׿¹¾ú£¨¿Ý²Ý¸Ë¾ú£©¡¢¿ÇµÍ¾ÛÌǵȡ£Ç°ÈËÑо¿·¢ÏÖ£¬Ñ¿æ߸˾ú¾úÖêB96-¢ò¿ÉÓë«Ëñ¾¥¿Ý²¡¾ú²úÉúÃ÷ÏÔµÄÉú³¤Þ׿¹×÷Óã¬ÏÔ×ÅÒÖÖÆ«Ëñ¾¥¿Ý²¡¾ú¾úË¿µÄÕý³£Éú³¤£¬ÇÒʹ¾úË¿±äµÃÃ÷ÏÔÏ¡Êè[26]¡£¸ß·ÒµÈ[27]Ñо¿±íÃ÷£¬À¯ÖÊÑ¿æ߸˾ú·¢½ÍÒº¼°Æä·ÖÃÚµÄÒÖ¾úÎï¿É¶Ô«Ëñ¾¥¿Ý²¡¾ú²úÉúÎȶ¨µÄÒÖ¾ú×÷Óã¬ÇÒÆä¶ÔÍâ½ç»·¾³µÄÊÊÓ¦Á¦½ÏÇ¿¡£ÖܵÂƽµÈ[28]´Ó«ËñÖÖÖ²ÍÁÈÀÖзÖÀë³ö1ÖêÑ¿æ߸˾ú£¬Æä·¢½ÍÒº¿ÉÏÔ×ÅÌá¸ßÍÁÈÀÖÐ΢ÉúÎï×ÜÊýºÍ´Ù½øÍÁÈÀ΢Éú̬¶àÑùÐÔ£¬´Ó¶øÌáÉý«Ëñ¶Ô¾¥¿Ý²¡µÄ¿¹ÐÔ¡£ÉúÎïÅ©Ò©·À¿Ø·½·¨¾ßÓнϺõķ¢Õ¹Ç°¾°£¬ÓÈÆäÊÇ¿ªÕ¹ÓлúÉú²ú£¬µ«ÉÐÐè½øÒ»²½Ñз¢·À¿ØЧ¹û¸üºÃ¡¢³É±¾¸üµÍµÄ¸ßЧÉúÎïÅ©Ò©¡£
¡¡¡¡3¡¢ «ËñÒ°ÉúÖÖÖÊ×ÊÔ´¼°Æ俹¾¥¿Ý²¡Ó¦ÓÃÇ°¾°·ÖÎö
¡¡¡¡Â«ËñÒ°ÉúÖÖÖÊ×ÊÔ´Óë«Ëñ½ÏΪÏàËÆ£¬Ö¦Ò¶³ÊÐë×´£¬ÓÐËÆËɰصÄÕë×´ÄâÒ¶£¬³£¾ß´ÖºñµÄ¸ù×´¾¥ºÍÉÔÈâÖʵĸù£¬ÓÐʱÓзĴ¸×´µÄ¿é¸ù[29,30,31]¡£ÆäÖУ¬A.racemosusÊÇÌ©¹ú¡¢Ó¡¶ÈºÍÄá²´¶û½ÏΪÁ÷ÐеÄÒ»ÖÖ´«Í³Ò©£¬¾ßÓÐÏûÑס¢×ÌÒõºÍ´ßÈéÖ®¹¦Ð§£¬ÓÃÓÚ¸¾Å®¸üÄêÆÚ¸¨ÖúÖÎÁÆ£¬±»µ±µØ¾ÓÃñ³Æ֮Ϊ¡°Rak-Sam-Sip¡±[32]¡£Òâ´óÀû½üÔµÒ°ÉúÖÖA.maritimus£¬ÊÇËı¶Ì壬ÄÍÑμÆäÄÛ¾¥´Ö׳¡¢ÈáÄÛ¿É¿Ú£¬Óë«ËñÖÖ¼äÔÓ½»Ç׺ÍÐԽϺÃ[33]¡£A.tenuifolius£¬Éú³¤ÔÚ¸ßɽ¡¢¸ßº£°ÎµØÇø£¬ÊÊÓ¦ËáÐÔÍÁÈÀ[34]¡£A.acutifolius£¬Ò»ÖÖ¶à´Ì½üÔµÒ°ÉúÖÖ£¬Éú³¤ÔÚµØÖк£ÑØ°¶£¬±È½ÏÄͺµ£¬Óжþ±¶ÌåºÍËı¶ÌåÖ®·Ö£¬ÄÛ¾¥ÄÜʳÓÃ[35]¡£ÌìÃŶ¬£¨A.cochinchinensis£©£¬ÔÚ¹úÄڹ㷺·Ö²¼£¬Æä¿é¸ùÊdz£ÓõÄÖÐÒ©£¬ÓÐ×ÌÒõÈóÔï¡¢ÇåÈÈÖ¹¿È֮Ч[36]¡£³ýÁËʳÓúÍÒ©ÓÃÍ⣬Ðí¶à«Ëñ½üÔµÒ°ÉúÖÖÖ¦Ò¶ÓÅÃÀ£¬ÔìÐͶÀÌØ£¬¿É¹©¹ÛÉÍʹÓã¬ÈçÎÄÖñ£¨A.plumosus£©¡¢Ì춬²Ý£¨A.sprengeri£©ºÍÂÑÒ¶ÌìÃŶ¬£¨A.asparagoides£©¡£×ÛÉÏËùÊö£¬Â«ËñÒ°ÉúÖÖÖÊ×ÊÔ´¹ã·º´æÔÚ£¬ÆäÖаüÀ¨³õ²½Ñо¿¾ßÓÐÒ»¶¨¿¹ÐÔµÄÑò³ÝÌìÃŶ¬£¨A.filicinus£©µÈ¿¹ÐÔÖÖÖÊ¡£½«À´£¬¿É³¢ÊÔͨ¹ýÖÖ¼äÔ¶ÔµÔÓ½»µÈÒÅ´«¸ÄÁ¼Êֶν«Â«ËñÒ°ÉúÖÖÖеĿ¹ÐÔ»ùÒòµ¼Èëµ½ÏÖÓеÄÉÌÒµ»¯Æ·ÖÖÖУ¬´Ó¶øÅàÓý«Ëñ¿¹¾¥¿Ý²¡ÐÂÆ·ÖÖ¡£ÕâЩҰÉúÖÖÖÊ×ÊÔ´½«Îª½ñºó«Ëñ¿¹¾¥¿Ý²¡Ñ¡ÓýÌṩ²ÄÁÏ[37,38]¡£
¡¡¡¡4 ¡¢Â«Ëñ¿¹²¡ÓýÖÖµÄÖØÒªÐÔÓëÕ¹Íû
¡¡¡¡ÅàÓý¿¹¾¥¿Ý²¡Æ·ÖÖÊÇ«Ëñ²úҵͻÆƾ¥¿Ý²¡Îªº¦µÄ¹Ø¼üÇÒ¸ù±¾µÄ¼¼ÊõÊֶΡ£È»¶ø£¬Â«ËñΪ´ÆÐÛÒìÖê¶àÄêÉú²Ý±¾Ö²Î»ùÒòÔӺ϶Ƚϸߣ¬¿¹²¡Æ·ÖÖÅàÓýÖÜÆڽϳ¤¡£Í¬Ê±£¬ÒòΪÏÖÓЫËñÉÌҵƷÖÖÒÅ´«±³¾°Ïà¶ÔÏÁÕ£¬¸ß¿¹¾¥¿Ý²¡Æ·ÖÖØÑ·¦£¬¼ÓÇ¿¸ß¿¹Â«Ëñ¾¥¿Ý²¡ÖÖÖÊ×ÊÔ´ÓÈÆäÊÇÒ°Éú×ÊÔ´µÄ´´ÐÂÀûÓ㬾¡¿ìÑ¡Óý³ö«Ëñ¿¹¾¥¿Ý²¡Æ·ÖÖÊÆÔÚ±ØÐС£ÎÒÃÇÕýÔÚ¿ªÕ¹Ïà¹Ø¿¹²¡Ñ¡Óý¹¤×÷£¬½ñºó£¬Ø½Ðè³ä·ÖÀûÓô«Í³µÄÔÓ½»ÊÚ·ÛºÍÏÖ´úÉúÎïÐÅϢѧ¡¢»ùÒò×éѧ¡¢×ªÂ¼×éѧ¡¢µ°°××éѧµÈ¼¼ÊõÊֶΣ¬¹¹½¨¿¹²¡ÒÅ´«ÈºÌ壬ÉîÈë½Òʾ¿¹²¡ÒÅ´«¹æÂÉ£¬´Ó¶øΪ¿¹²¡ÓýÖÖÌṩÀíÂÛ»ù´¡¡£
¡¡¡¡Â«Ëñ¾¥¿Ý²¡·ÖÉúæß×ÓÆ÷ÐÎ̬
¡¡¡¡Â«Ëñ¾¥¿Ý²¡Îªº¦¾¥¸ÑÖ¢×´
¡¡¡¡¼øÓÚ´Ë£¬±ÊÕ߶Ô«Ëñ¾¥¿Ý²¡¿¹²¡ÓýÖÖÑо¿Ìá³öÒÔÏÂ2µã½¨Òé¡£
¡¡¡¡(1)¹ã·ºËѼ¯Â«ËñÖÖÖÊ×ÊÔ´£¬ÓÈÆäÊÇÒ°ÉúÖÖÖÊ×ÊÔ´ºÍÐÛÐÔÁ½ÐÔÖ꣬½¨Á¢ÖÖÖÊ×ÊÔ´ÆÔ£¬ÍÚ¾òÓÅÒìµÄ»ùÒò²ÄÁÏ£¬ÍØ¿í«ËñÒÅ´«±³¾°¡£
¡¡¡¡(2)ÔÚÒýÖÖºÍ×ÔÖ÷ÓýÖÖÑо¿ÖУ¬³ýÁËÊÊÒËÖ÷²úÇøÆ·ÖÖÍ⣬»¹Ó¦×¢ÖØÅàÓýÊÊÓÚ²»Í¬Éú̬Ìõ¼þÔÔÅàµÄ«ËñÐÂÆ·ÖÖ£¬ÓÈÆäÊÇ°Ñ¿¹¾¥¿Ý²¡×÷ΪƷÖÖÑ¡ÓýµÄÒ»¸öÖØÒªÖ¸±ê£¬Ñ¡Óý³ö¸ß¿¹¾¥¿Ý²¡µÄ«ËñÐÂÆ·ÖÖ£¬´Ó¸ù±¾ÉϽâ¾ö«Ëñ¾¥¿Ý²¡Îªº¦µÄÎÊÌâ¡£
¡¡¡¡²Î¿¼ÎÄÏ×
¡¡¡¡[1] Jaiswal Y, Liang Z, Ho A, et al. A comparative tissuespecific metabolite analysis and determination of protodioscin content in Asparagus species used in traditional Chinese medicine and ayurveda by use of laser microdissection, UHPLC-QTOF/MS and LC-MS/MS[J]. Phytochem Anal, 2014, 25(6):514-528.
¡¡¡¡[2] Nishimura M, Ohkawara T, Kagami-Katsuyama H, et al.lmprovement of blood pressure, glucose metabolism, and lipid profile by the intake of powdered asparagus(L uSin)bottom-stems and cladophylls[J]. J Trandit Complement Med, 2013, 3:250-255.
¡¡¡¡[3]ÕŽðÁ¼,ÁõµÇÀ×,Ñ¹ú,µÈÖйú«Ëñ¾¥¿Ý²¡Ïà¹ØÑо¿½øÕ¹[J].Ö²±£ÍÁ·Ê, 2012(4):12-20.
¡¡¡¡[4]ÑîÐÂÇÙ,³ÂÄܸ·,¬¸Ö,µÈÕã½Ê¡Â«Ëñ²úÒµ·¢Õ¹µÄ̽ÌÖ[J]Õã½Å©Òµ¿Æѧ, 2014(6):811-812,815.
¡¡¡¡[5]³Â¹âÓîÖйú«ËñÑо¿²úÒµ·¢Õ¹[M]±±¾©:ÖйúÅ©Òµ³ö°æÉç, 2010.
¡¡¡¡[6]³Â¹âÓîÖйú«Ëñ²úÒµ·¢Õ¹ÏÖ×´ÓëÇ÷ÊÆ[J].ÊÀ½çÅ©Òµ, 2013(10):181-186.
¡¡¡¡[7]Lu G, Jian W, Zhang J, et al. Suppressive effect of silicon nutrient on Phomopsis stem blight development in asparagus[J] Hort Science, 2008, 43(3):811-817.
¡¡¡¡[8] De Jonge R, Thomma B P H J. Fungal LysM efectors: extinguishers of host immunity[J]. Trend Microbiol, 2009,17:151-157.
¡¡¡¡[9] Zhang Y, ChoiY E, ZouXX, et al. The FvMK1 mitogenactivated protein kinase gene regulates conidiation,pathogenesis, and fumonisin production in Fusarium vericllioides
¡¡¡¡[J]. Fungal Genet Biol, 2011, 48(2):71-79.
¡¡¡¡[10]Li S, Ridenour J B, Kim H, et al. Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation of soybean pathogen Phomopsis longicolla[J]. J Microbio Meth, 2013, 92(3):244-245.
¡¡¡¡[11] Sun S, Kim M Y, Chaisan T, et al. Phomopsi([Diaporthe)species as the cause soybean seed decay in Korea[J]. J Phytopathol, 2013, 161(2);:131-134.
¡¡¡¡[12]³Â¹âÓî«ËñÎÞ¹«º¦Éú²ú¼¼Êõ[M:±±¾©:ÖйúÅ©Òµ³ö°æÉç, 2005.
¡¡¡¡[13] Mentlak T A, Kombrink A, Shinya T, et al. Effector-mediated suppression of cititriggered immunity by Magnaporthe oryzae is necessary for rice blast disease[J]. Plant Cell,2012, 24(1):322-335.
¡¡¡¡[14]³ÌêØ,Ìï²Ê¾ê ,Àî°®Äþ,µÈÖ²ÎïÓ벡Ô΢ÉúÎﻥ×÷·Ö×Ó»ù´¡µÄÑо¿½øÕ¹J]ÒÅ´«, 2012,34(2):134-144.
¡¡¡¡[15] de Jonge R, Peter van Esse H, Kombrink A, et al. Conserved fungal LysM effector Ecp6 prevents chitin-triggered immunity in plants[J]. Science, 2010, 329(5994):953-955.
¡¡¡¡[16] Wang J, Zhang Z, Wang Y, et al. PTS1 peroxisomal import pathway plays shared and ditinct roles to PTS2 pathway in development and pathogenicity of Magnaporthe oryzae[]. PloSone, 2013, 8(2):54-58.
¡¡¡¡[17] Frandsen R J, Frandsen M, Giese H. Targeted gene replacement in fungal pathogens via Agrobacterium tumefaciens- mediated transformation[J]. Methods Mol Biol, 2012,835:17-45.
¡¡¡¡[18] Santhanam P. Random insertional mutagenesis in fungal genomes to identify virulence factors[J]. Methods Mol Biol,2012, 835:509-517.
¡¡¡¡[19]Íõ÷¾ê,ÀîÆÂ,ÎâÃô,µÈÓñÃ×´ó°ß²¡¾úATMTÍ»±äÌå¿âµÄ¹¹½¨¼°Æä·ÖÎö[J]JÖйúÅ©Òµ¿Æѧ, 2012,45(12);:2 384-2 392.
¡¡¡¡[20] Zhang Y, Chen G, Qu H, et al. ldentification and expression analyses of MAP kinase gene PaMAK1 in Phomopsis asparagiJ]. XIlIth International Asparagus Symposium,2013(10):16-18.
¡¡¡¡[21]ÕÅÔÀƽ.·´ÏòÒÅ´«Ñ§ÔÚÁæß¾úºÍµ¾ÎÁ¾ú¹¦ÄÜ»ùÒò×éÑо¿Ó¦ÄÇ[J].ºþÄÏÅ©Òµ¿Æѧ, 2011(3):1-4.
¡¡¡¡[22]ʢȫѧ,À¹ú«Ëñ¾¥¿Ý²¡·¢Éú¹æÂɼ°×ۺϷÀÖμ¼Êõ[J]ºþ±±Ö²±£, 2007(4):18-19.
¡¡¡¡[23]½ð°®Â«Ëñ¾¥¿Ý²¡µÄ·¢ÉúÔÒò¼°·ÀÖμ¼Êõ[J].Ö²±£¼¼ÊõÓëÍƹã, 2003,23(2):18-19.
¡¡¡¡[24]ÕŽðÁ¼,ÁõµÇÀ×£¬Ñ¹ú£¬ µÈÖйú«Ëñ¾¥¿Ý²¡Ïà¹ØÑо¿½øÕ¹[J].±±¾©Å©Òµ, 2012(4):104-105.
¡¡¡¡[25]¿µÒµ±ó¶à¾úÁé¡¢°Ù¾úÇå¶ÔÌìÃŶ¬Äâ¾¥µãùµÄÊÒÄÚÁªºÏ¶¾Á¦²â¶¨[J]Ö²Îï±£»¤, 2000.26(2):32-33.
¡¡¡¡[26]ÂíÀûƽ,ºÂ±äÇà, ÇØÊï,µÈÑ¿æ߸˾úB96 II¶Ô«Ëñ¾¥¿Ý²¡µÄ·ÀÖμ°»úÖÆÑо¿[J]»ª±±Å©Ñ§±¨, 2008,23(2):180-184.
¡¡¡¡[27]·Ò.ÂíÀûƽ,ÇÇÐÛÎà,µÈÀ¯ÖÊÑ¿æ߸˾úBC98- I·¢½ÍÒºÓëÒÖ¾ú´ÖÌáÎï¶Ô»Æ¹Ï¿Ýή²¡¾úµÄÒÖ¾úÌØÐÔÑо¿[J].ÖйúÉú̬ũҵѧ±¨, 2006(1):61-65.
¡¡¡¡[28]ÖܵÂƽ,ÎâÊ纼,ñÒ³¤±ò£¬µÈ«Ëñ¾¥¿Ý²¡Þ׿¹¾úKJ-1µÄɸѡ¼°Æä¶ÔÍÁÈÀ΢ÉúÎïÇøϵµÄÓ°Ïì[J]Öйúũѧͨ±¨, 2011.27(27):288-293.
¡¡¡¡[29]ϼ£¬µó¼ÒÁ¬£¬ÀîÊ黪,µÈ«ËñÖÖÖÊ×ÊÔ´ÒÅ´«¶àÑùÐÔµÄRAPD·ÖÎö[J]Ö²ÎïÒÅ´«×ÊԴѧ±¨, 2005,6(3):370-374.
¡¡¡¡[30] Marco Caruso, Claire T, Federici, et al. EST-SSR markers for asparagus genetic diversity evaluation and cultivar identification[J]. Mol Breeding, 2008(21):195-204.
¡¡¡¡[31] Jaag T, Langsdorf A, Snowdon R J, et al. Random amplified polymorphic DNA variation among German and Dutch asparagus cultivars[J]. Plant Breeding, 2006, 117(3):290-2)2.
¡¡¡¡[32] KimBY, CuiZ G, Lee S R, et al. Effects of Asparagus officinalis extracts on liver cell toxicity and ethanol metabolism[J]. J Food Sci, 2009, 74(7):204-208.
¡¡¡¡[33] Elena K. First report of Phomopsis asparagi causing stem blight of asparagus in Greece[J]. Plant Pathology, 2006.55:300.
¡¡¡¡[34] Reamon-Buttner S M, Jung C. AFLP-derived STS markers for the identification of sex in Asparagus fficinalis L.[J].Theor Appl Genet, 2000(100):432-438.
¡¡¡¡[35] Uecker F A, Johnson D A. Morphology and taxonomy of species of Phomopsis on Asparagus[J]. Mycologia, 1991, 83(2):192-199.
¡¡¡¡[36] Remove E. Punithalingam CMI descriptions of fungi and bacteria Phomopsis asparagi[J]. Mycopathologia, 1990(112):53-55.
¡¡¡¡[37]·ï÷ֲÎﲡÔÕæ¾ú¶¾ËصÄÑо¿½øÕ¹[J].ºÚÁú½Å©Òµ¿Æѧ, 2006(2):70-73.
¡¡¡¡[38]ÔøСºì,ÕŻۼá,Áõ¶÷ƽÎÒ¹ú«ËñÖÖÖÊ×ÊÔ´¼°ÉúÎïѧÑо¿½øÕ¹[J.J¹ã¶«Å©Òµ¿Æѧ£¬2012(10):56-60.